General Discussion
Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsD.C. Insider: There's a Shadow Govt. Running the Country, and It's Not Up for Re-Election
http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/dc-insider-theres-shadow-govt-running-country-and-its-not-re-electionRome lived upon its principal till ruin stared it in the face. Industry is the only true source of wealth, and there was no industry in Rome. By day the Ostia road was crowded with carts and muleteers, carrying to the great city the silks and spices of the East, the marble of Asia Minor, the timber of the Atlas, the grain of Africa and Egypt; and the carts brought out nothing but loads of dung. That was their return cargo.
"The Martyrdom of Man" by Winwood Reade (1871)
There is the visible government situated around the Mall in Washington, and then there is another, more shadowy, more indefinable government that is not explained in Civics 101 or observable to tourists at the White House or the Capitol. The former is traditional Washington partisan politics: the tip of the iceberg that a public watching C-SPAN sees daily and which is theoretically controllable via elections. The subsurface part of the iceberg I shall call the Deep State, which operates on its own compass heading regardless of who is formally in power. [1]
During the last five years, the news media have been flooded with pundits decrying the broken politics of Washington. The conventional wisdom has it that partisan gridlock and dysfunction have become the new normal. That is certainly the case, and I have been among the harshest critics of this development. But it is also imperative to acknowledge the limits of this critique as it applies to the American governmental system. On one level, the critique is self-evident: in the domain that the public can see, Congress is hopelessly deadlocked in the worst manner since the 1850s, the violently rancorous decade preceding the Civil War.
As I wrote in " The Party is Over," the present objective of congressional Republicans is to render the executive branch powerless, at least until a Republican president is elected (a goal which voter suppression laws in GOP-controlled states are clearly intended to accomplish). President Obama cannot enact his domestic policies and budgets; because of incessant GOP filibustering, not only could he not fill the large number of vacancies in the federal judiciary, he could not even get his most innocuous presidential appointees into office. Democrats controlling the Senate have responded by weakening the filibuster of nominations, but Republicans are sure to react with other parliamentary delaying tactics. This strategy amounts to congressional nullification of executive branch powers by a party that controls a majority in only one house of Congress.
Despite this apparent impotence, President Obama can liquidate American citizens without due processes, detain prisoners indefinitely without charge, conduct dragnet surveillance on the American people without judicial warrant and engage in unprecedented at least since the McCarthy era witch hunts against federal employees (the so-called Insider Threat Program). Within the United States, this power is characterized by massive displays of intimidating force by militarized federal, state and local law enforcement. Abroad, President Obama can start wars at will and engage in virtually any other activity whatever without so much as a by-your-leave from Congress, to include arranging the forced landing of a plane carrying a sovereign head of state over foreign territory. Despite their habitual cant about executive overreach by Obama, the would-be dictator, we have until recently heard very little from congressional Republicans about these actions with the minor exception of a gadfly like Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky. Democrats, save for a few mavericks like Ron Wyden of Oregon, are not unduly troubled, either even to the extent of permitting seemingly perjured congressional testimony under oath by executive branch officials on the subject of illegal surveillance.
malaise
(268,949 posts)and it's nowhere in Constitution
ReRe
(10,597 posts)... when reading, and then listening to the interview at the bottom of the page of another OP here today:
http://www.democraticunderground.com/101685846
What we always thought of as the "Shadow Government"
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Name removed Message auto-removed
ReRe
(10,597 posts)I'll take a stab and say "No."
Response to ReRe (Reply #6)
Name removed Message auto-removed
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)See how that works?
BTW: Romney is insane.
Response to WinkyDink (Reply #13)
Name removed Message auto-removed
ReRe
(10,597 posts)You tell us. The assumption is that you're a democrat when you become a member of DemocraticUnderground. Are you telling us you're not a democrat? Wait a minute... are you saying it would have been better to have Willard as President, rather than PO? Boy are you lost!
erronis
(15,241 posts)I am a voter with extremely liberal tendencies that usually (not always) votes for progressive or Democratic candidates. If I accidentally logged onto *YOUR* democrat-only site, I guess I should be removed.
Jeez!
WhiteTara
(29,704 posts)wants to get high and you aren't the least bit progressive.
BTW You're fired. Buh-bye
bemildred
(90,061 posts)woo me with science
(32,139 posts)jsr
(7,712 posts)bvar22
(39,909 posts)Its produces even MORE revenue if you can make it look like its a Neck & Neck Horse Race.
In 1987, The league of Women Voters refused to host the Presidential Debates.
[font size=3] "The League of Women Voters is withdrawing sponsorship of the presidential debates...because the demands of the two campaign organizations would perpetrate a fraud on the American voter. It has become clear to us that the candidates' organizations aim to add debates to their list of campaign-trail charades devoid of substance, spontaneity and answers to tough questions. The League has no intention of becoming an accessory to the hoodwinking of the American public".[/font]
" campaign-trail charades devoid of substance, spontaneity and answers to tough questions."
This would also include the Primaries of both Parties.
truedelphi
(32,324 posts)Then even outside the apparent billions and tens of billions of bucks that get made via the Big election business, for TV, radio stations and newspapers, there is the matter of SuperPac's. That is one way that candidates get their moohla.
Boy oh boy, if I had understood the election process the way I do now, it is possible I would not have returned any small amounts of change resulting from my year 2000 run for City Council. Rather I should have immediately put that money into a Super Pac created for my run for Calif Senate!
And when I didn't win at that, any remaining monies could go into my run for the Presidency.
Fat chance I'd be elected to any of those offices, but I too could be buying jewelry at Tiffany's, like Mr Gingrich did.
bvar22
(39,909 posts)I've gotten to know you a little through our shared years at DU.
Scamming people and pocketing the money with a smile and a handshake?
I'll bet you have too much of a conscience.
The 8th and 9th circles of HELL
are reserved for those who have that "talent",
and they can appoint Bill Clinton as their spokesperson when he gets there.
"The American Worker can compete with any Worker in the World!!!"
DhhD
(4,695 posts)Enthusiast
(50,983 posts)pipoman
(16,038 posts)Populist movement success in this country.
merrily
(45,251 posts)I think they keep most of us us just comfortable enough and just scared enough.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)the starting quote from the guy known for being a social Darwinist.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)'Social Darwinism' is a late 20th century definition that lumps all late nineteenth century social theory together without considering the wide range of social beliefs present at the time.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)some still do.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)As a way of discrediting an entire OP doesn't hold water.
Every social thinker at that time falls under the blanket of social Darwinism even those with diametrically opposite points of view.
The quote in the OP is from one of the more liberal minded of that bunch.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)remind himself he is supposed to be progressive.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)Ouch.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)blackspade
(10,056 posts)cui bono
(19,926 posts)jsr
(7,712 posts)LOL
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)L0oniX
(31,493 posts)El_Johns
(1,805 posts)blackspade
(10,056 posts)See post 28
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)blackspade
(10,056 posts)Social Darwinism is a catch all for late nineteenth century social theory.
The theoretical concepts collectively known as social Darwinism have a wide range of tenants from hard core racism and eugenics to collectivism and Marxism.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)El_Johns
(1,805 posts)Social Darwinism is a belief, popular in the late Victorian era in England, America, and elsewhere, which states that the strongest or fittest should survive and flourish in society, while the weak and unfit should be allowed to die. The theory was chiefly expounded by Herbert Spencer, whose ethical philosophies always held an elitist view and received a boost from the application of Darwinian ideas such as adaptation and natural selection.
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004367/eh4.shtml
blackspade
(10,056 posts)or just not understanding is that "the "strong" SHOULD prosper and the "weak" SHOULD not" is one end of the social Darwinist spectrum. Otherwise you are jettisoning almost all contemporary social theory which has its roots in the late nineteenth century.
Marxism? Social Darwinism.
Social comportment and manners? Social Darwinism
Racism and eugenics? Social Darwinism.
Seeing a pattern here? And out of these various theoretical models within social Darwinism comes our modern liberal/conservative dynamic.
Like it or not, your social convictions have their roots in one of the schools of social Darwinism.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)then how manners = social Darwinism.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)What was the central tenant of Marxism? In simple terms, that the workers would wrest control of capital from the bourgeois as a natural evolution from capitalism to communism. This is social Darwinism.
Social Darwinism is a description of an entire period of social thought that originates in the Victorian Period.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)argument's sake, please explain how your "central tenant" = social Darwinism.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)If you just can't understand after a clear explanation, your on your own.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)"the workers would wrest control of capital from the bourgeois as a natural evolution from capitalism to communism. This is social Darwinism."
If you don't understand the difference, oh well.
Social Darwinism, term coined in the late 19th century to describe the idea that humans, like animals and plants, compete in a struggle for existence in which natural selection results in "survival of the fittest." Social Darwinists base their beliefs on theories of evolution developed by British naturalist Charles Darwin. Some social Darwinists argue that governments should not interfere with human competition by attempting to regulate the economy or cure social ills such as poverty. Instead, they advocate a laissez-faire political and economic system that favors competition and self-interest in social and business affairs. Social Darwinists typically deny that they advocate a "law of the jungle." But most propose arguments that justify imbalances of power between individuals, races, and nations because they consider some people more fit to survive than others.
The term social Darwinist is applied loosely to anyone who interprets human society primarily in terms of biology, struggle, competition, or natural law (a philosophy based on what are considered the permanent characteristics of human nature). Social Darwinism characterizes a variety of past and present social policies and theories, from attempts to reduce the power of government to theories exploring the biological causes of human behavior. Many people believe that the concept of social Darwinism explains the philosophical rationalization behind racism, imperialism, and capitalism. The term has negative implications for most people because they consider it a rejection of compassion and social responsibility.
http://autocww.colorado.edu/~toldy2/E64ContentFiles/SociologyAndReform/SocialDarwinism.html
"Society does not consist of individuals, but expresses the sum of interrelations, the relations within which these individuals stand."
Karl Marx, Grundrisse, 1858[13]
blackspade
(10,056 posts)My point was this: Social Darwinism is a description of an entire period of social thought that originates in the Victorian Period.
Condemning the OP for a quote from this period does not actually address any fallacies with its argument.
As for the quote you just posted, I'll highlight some parts that you have apparently missed:
The term social Darwinist is applied loosely to anyone who interprets human society primarily in terms of biology, struggle, competition, or natural law (a philosophy based on what are considered the permanent characteristics of human nature). Social Darwinism characterizes a variety of past and present social policies and theories, from attempts to reduce the power of government to theories exploring the biological causes of human behavior. Many people believe that the concept of social Darwinism explains the philosophical rationalization behind racism, imperialism, and capitalism. The term has negative implications for most people because they consider it a rejection of compassion and social responsibility.
Notice the last word in the second sentence: Capitalism.
Communism is a form of Capitalism. Communism as practiced is an unfortunate implementation of the social evolutionist theories of Marx and Engels. Social evolution is a Darwinian concept that was applied to various social theories throughout the nineteenth century. In the case of Marxism, with which I am an advocate of, it was theoretically more benign, and I would argue, a progressive form of social Darwinism that tragically was bastardized by authoritarians during the 20th century.
The pejorative use of the word came into vogue during the late 1940s principally in the writings of Richard Hofstadter as a response to the the extreme Victorian ideologies of racism, antisemitism, eugenics that were embraced by early twentieth century dictators and politicians. Unfortunately we still have them today (republicans and libertarians).
As for manners and comportment (I missed this in your last comment), both are a result of theories that the common person could be elevated above their base animal instincts by adopting a rigid set of social codes that covered everything from eating, socializing, education, clothing, etc. The idea was that Victorian morality would elevate those that could be civilized while those that could not were doomed to be socially and culturally inferior. I find it remarkable that many of these ideas still are ingrained in our society today.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)The part you bolded doesn't explain anything to me. Many past and present social policies and theories can be characterized as social Darwinism; that doesn't mean Marxism can, and that doesn't mean that all those social policies and theories don't share something in common: namely, the idea that power-holders in society hold power because they are the "strongest" or "fittest," therefore they hold power justly (and vice versa, the powerless are so because they are "unfit" and so their condition is just).
I think where you start going wrong is in equating "social evolution" & "social Darwinism" (they're not the same).
This is producing muddled thought (IMHO) in which anything having to do with power can be labeled 'social Darwinism."
Also, communism is not a form of capitalism, another kind of muddle.
I don't think there's any point in continuing when we don't speak the same language.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)You appear to be the one muddling though this theoretical discussion though.
You continue to view a very narrow spectrum of Victorian social thought as social Darwinism rather than the broad spectrum that it actually is.
And how is Communism not a form of Capitalism? That makes no sense at all.
I do agree that there is little use in continuing at this point.
El_Johns
(1,805 posts)may be a broad spectrum, but again "social Darwinism" and "Victorian thought" are not identities.
Your repeated assertion & apparent belief that distinct things are the same thing. That produces muddled thinking.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)Which is definitely an identity.
Your repeated misinterpretation of my clear statement that social Darwinism is a collection of social theories that range from eugenics to Marxism seems to be your problem.
Where you seem to be getting confused is in your conflation of a mid twentieth pejorative term with a group of Victorian social theories.
Again, to return this discussion to the OP: the pejorative use of the term social Darwinism as a way to discredit the content of the OP was a fail.
Pretzel_Warrior
(8,361 posts)Eugenics, discrimination, laizze fair government, and a whole host of other bad ideologies/policies have stemmed from social Darwinism.
blackspade
(10,056 posts)I clearly stated that already.
But thanks for trying.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)I really don't care if the stupid quote came from someone who believed himself to be genetically superior to the masses. It is just another justification for establishing an inherited ruling class.
You don't find this funny?. I couldn't get past the first sentence and the misspelling just adds to the humor.
arendt
(5,078 posts)If Noam Chomsky wrote this, no one would care.
The fact this guy is hard right makes it hard for him to be dismissed by the Shadow Govt. But, dirtied-up? I could see that happening.
Yeah, he's a flawed messenger. But even good messengers, like Snowden, will be mercilessly criticized.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)has nothing to do with the funny quote from the social Darwinist.
Are you saying only a social Darwinist could say something as funny as the quote?
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)Rex
(65,616 posts)Progressive in name only.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)I doubt that an explanation would help, but I'll try.
There is no shadow government in the USA.
It's a simple concept that governments actually do stuff. When they do stuff that affects the governed, the governed are going to know about it. If they don't know about it then either it didn't happen or it wasn't government.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)How do you know? Do you think that your declaration makes it so? A real progressive would be a little more open-minded and say that they dont believe there is a shadow government. But some people think they know what's what with "absolute certainty." With due respect it's usually conservatives that proclaim they know all with "absolute certainty."
I dont know if there is a shadow government but I am secure enough to entertain the idea and try to discuss it with an open-mind. I personally with my own humble opinion do believe there is a shadow government. It certainly would explain a lot.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)to evolution?
I can't prove that God isn't just putting fossils there to trick us, anymore than I can prove that a shadow government doesn't exist. So what, rational people deal with evidence.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)you stated, "there is no shadow government." I guess you meant "in your opinion". And if you were interested in "evidence" you would welcome ideas like presented in the OP. Maybe you dont agree, but a progressive most likely would enter the debate in an honest manner and not try to shut down debate by declaring, "THERE IS NO SHADOW GOVERNMENT" as if you know.
There are far too many people pretending to be Democrats, or liberals, or progressives, that dont believe in liberal/Democratic principles.
Support the 99% and not ALEC, dont support the TPP.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)there is no evidence of one, there is nothing to debate.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)mean that none exists. I bet you havent even looked. And I bet if it bit you on the leg you would still deny it's existence. Absolute certainty is comforting. I bet you prefer cherry flavor.
Your absolute certainty makes further discussion futile.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)Absolutely no evidence.
L0oniX
(31,493 posts)Maybe a little Bill Moyers might help you but I doubt it.
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)A simple yes or no will suffice.
But a tiny bit of evidence would be nice, remembering that even 100% of Americans believing in creationism can't make it true.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)change?
Progressive dog
(6,900 posts)or visitors from other planets. You have no evidence, that is the reason you won't present any.
BTW Even most RWers don't dispute climate change. The argument is over the cause.
KG
(28,751 posts)Martin Eden
(12,863 posts)7962
(11,841 posts)Alternet seems to be about as reliable
bvar22
(39,909 posts)....unless you think that Bill Moyers is just about as reliable as "Infowars".
Here.
I'll make it easy for you.
http://billmoyers.com/episode/the-deep-state-hiding-in-plain-sight/
7962
(11,841 posts)Obama and Bush are the same. I used to hear people on the left saying that Bush wouldnt leave office because he would declare martial law. Now I hear the right saying the exact same thing.
bvar22
(39,909 posts)...it seems like you would be too tired to post to this thread telling us you don't care.
Most people don't bother to post to threads discussing something they don't care about.
It a paradox.
As soon as you care enough to post to a thread saying you don't care,
you have discredited your own opinion.
7962
(11,841 posts)9/11 was faked, etc. And I respond to them because they need to be responded to.
And of course I'm not saying you'd ever see a "kenyan" conspiracy on DU, I mean generally.
No, I dont believe there are bigger more powerful people as a part of some secret organization behind Obama telling him what to do. I DO believe there are people who try to influence him, just as any president has.
On edit, if this was all true, then why do we get so worked up about voting and who to vote for? Why would it matter if its Hillary or Warren? They'll just be told what to do.
reACTIONary
(5,770 posts)bvar22
(39,909 posts)To YOU,
an in depth article with references, quotes, and cites featured on Bill Moyers Website = "Obama is a Kenyan".
That is not only a lame attempt to discredit one of the few reliable sources on information in the USA,
but [font size=1 color = gray]embarrassing[/font].
DU does have its standards (or used to).
To avoid future public embarrassment,
please check out:
Shooting the Messenger Logical Fallacy
AKA Ad Hominem Logical fallacy:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_the_messenger
(see your post 19 this thread)
ALSO:
The False Equivalency Logical Fallacy:
http://www.skepticalraptor.com/logicalfallacy_files/False_Equivalence.html
(see your post #49 this thread)
No Charge
7962
(11,841 posts)Yes, Bill Moyers and any of his guests are never wrong I guess. These stories have been around since I was a child old enough to read them. I lump them in with the Free Masons and Skull & Bones and Tri-Lateral Commission and on and on.
And to ask again, if this is all true, then why would we worry about Romney winning the election? Wouldn't we still get the policies that "they" want?
But to each his own. I could be wrong. It's happened!
cui bono
(19,926 posts)TPP, prosecution of whistleblowers, KXL pipeline, spying on citizens, SS cuts on the table, banksters in the White House, no prosecution of WS, revolving door appointments... looks pretty good for them to me.
7962
(11,841 posts)The government cant keep a secret when it involves a lot of people. Someone would be talking about these secret orders they administration is given. Or someone who used to work with the "real" government would.
I guess there's no point in me wasting any time or money on the '16 elections; it's already decided.
L0oniX
(31,493 posts)cui bono
(19,926 posts)I'm curious, did you read the article or simply dismiss it?
2banon
(7,321 posts)The guy nails it quite succinctly. I liken it to an Octopus because the tendency to call out Wall Street banksters, the MIC etc. etc. is actually missing the target. It's a confluence of all those arms, and they have the intelligence community working on their behest. Meanwhile, both parties play the circus clowns distracting the audience with juvenile antics, shenanigans and brawls. It's pretty much how I see it. This guy articulates it quite well I think.
L0oniX
(31,493 posts)truedelphi
(32,324 posts)Come true. Starting w/ Alex Jones's Spring 2001 statements that airplanes would be hitting buildings in DC and NYC, and how the main fallout from that event, outside of direct loss of life suffered during the event itself, would be a totalitarian police state.
reACTIONary
(5,770 posts)...he predicts a terrorist event! Once in a while, one happens.
I've listened to this so-called prediction... it's just the same crap he spews all the time. There is nothing in his remarks that "predicts" 9/11.
7962
(11,841 posts)Not to mention a LOT of people knew that Islamists wanted to attack using planes. Unfortunately nobody thought they could pull it off. I didnt either.
rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)heaven05
(18,124 posts)anytime soon. Per the statement of congress being divided as it was immediately preceding the american civil war, true. This 'shadow government' will let us kill each other over partisan political disagreement only because it keeps us divided and not observing their slow march toward fascism(militarized police forces that kill at will) that keep us cowed and oppresses us all. Republican RW politics is designed to keep us at each others throat. Fox news, idiots like limpig and beck et al are their tools to do this. 47% of the american electorate believe every word spewing from the mouths of these type of brown shirted clowns. Actually I feel like I'm in the Weimar Republic just prior to hitler taking power in 1933. Brown shirt laws, SYG, murder of so called 'thugs' judicially protected, taking food away from the unworthy. Food stamps and social help for the poor withdrawn with a let them fight over crumbs mentality fostered by an unfeeling RW mentality. Greed capitalism is the only 'new' element in our modern equation. And it is unfeeling and vicious. Basically an ubertool of the club of the super rich running the 'shadow governments' of the world. Racism running rampant. I'm waiting for mass book burning(s) and our own 'kristallnacht' against the poor and people deemed inferior and unworthy. We need to wake the fuck up and make a government for the people and by the people. Acknowledging that the people really do not hold the power of their future n their hands is a first step in that direction. Whether the PTB's believe it or not, it really is our country. And it's fate is in ALL our hands. With constant awareness, such as article above, we can have the country we desire. I do hope.
relayerbob
(6,544 posts)cantbeserious
(13,039 posts)eom
blackspade
(10,056 posts)While none of this is new, it is a great summary for the unaware.
toby jo
(1,269 posts)johnnyreb
(915 posts).. where there's also a video interview with the author for the first 20 minutes:
http://billmoyers.com/2014/02/21/anatomy-of-the-deep-state/
progressoid
(49,984 posts)blkmusclmachine
(16,149 posts)window dressing.
pscot
(21,024 posts)yourout
(7,527 posts)jsr
(7,712 posts)It's easier to control and corrupt a dysfunctional government.
K&R
blackspade
(10,056 posts)defacto7
(13,485 posts)As a matter of fact, I could never have said it better. I have said it, over and over, blog after blog, comment after comment. But no one listens to me... nor should they.
I'm glad, even relieved when I see confirmation of my observations and experiences during 25 years lurking the walls of the élite as a fly on said wall. This is as far as it goes, but it is therapeutic to say the least. It doesn't matter.
Thanks Bill for being the stand up for the rest of us that I always knew you were. And here's to you Mr. Lofgren. May we finally realize "...of the People, by the People and for the People..." de facto.
aquart
(69,014 posts)Thank you for your fucking concern.
L0oniX
(31,493 posts)JackRiddler
(24,979 posts)YOU ALREADY KNOW IT ALL!!! Just aggressively attack anything that doesn't fit! Based on headline! Reading gives you headaches! Kill deviant ideas! Hooray!
woo me with science
(32,139 posts)rhett o rick
(55,981 posts)Doesnt matter if the vote is stolen or gerrymandered or if your only choices are Corp-Thing 1 or Corp-Thing 2. As long as you vote you're golden, you're free.
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Name removed Message auto-removed
snot
(10,520 posts)The infowar is in essence a class war over knowledge as a form of wealth.
As a corollary, information is a commodity for which there are markets that are (absent effective regulation) manipulable.
Greater transparency maximizes efficiency and profits for a group as a whole, but individuals within the group profit most when they're not transparent while others in the group are.
So long as a system as a whole remains mostly transparent, it's a more-than-zero-sum game (i.e., the whole can become greater than the sum of its parts, because the whole pie grows). But where transparency has sufficiently deteriorated, the competition among "players" devolves into a race to see who can loot the most the fastest, even if valuable resources (including personnel) are wasted in the process.
(The transparency I mean here is, of course, that of our leaders in relation to their citizens, not vice versa.)