Basics of Poo - reinventing the toilet . . . n' stuff . . . .

[ashling]

http://www.democraticunderground.com/1018510061

[jakeXT]

1. I'm not sure how the disinfection for fertilizer use will work, there were so many approaches

The type and time of treatment required for
human excreta before it can be safely used as
fertilizer is dependent on the health status of the
users and the intended use of the end product
(Winblad, 1996). The key factors affecting the
survival of excreted pathogens in composted
material are the duration of the composting pro-
cess and the temperature during composting
(Feachem et al, 1983). It has been suggested
that primary treatment, either by dehydration or
decomposition, is usually sufficient to destroy
most pathogens, but secondary treatment (
eg , high-temperature composting) may be required
where intestinal parasites are common and found
in high numbers (Winblad, 1996). Therefore, in
households in Vietnam where dry sanitation is
installed, primary treatment by dehydration or
decomposition may be insufficient to ensure
pathogen die-off

http://imsear.hellis.org/bitstream/123456789/34791/2/222.pdf

2011

But her team has already come up with a design that they think will address all the criteria. It includes components that:

Dry the waste without chemicals, using a physical process.
Disinfect it using ultraviolet light.
Filter the liquid using a membrane.
Smoulder the solid waste "like charcoal briquettes in a barbeque."

"They're all very inexpensive," Cheng said.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/magic-toilet-research-funded-by-bill-gates-foundation-1.1092141

2012

Cranfield University This nearly $810,000 grant will help develop a prototype toilet that removes water from human waste and vaporizes it using a hand-operated vacuum pump and a unique membrane system. The remaining solids are turned into fuel that can also be used as fertilizer. The water vapor is condensed and can be used for washing, or irrigation.

..

University of Colorado Boulder A nearly $780,000 grant will help develop a solar toilet that uses concentrated sunlight, directed and focused with a solar dish and concentrator, to disinfect liquid-solid waste and produce biological charcoal (biochar) that can be used as a replacement for wood charcoal or chemical fertilizers.

http://www.gatesfoundation.org/media-center/press-releases/2012/08/bill-gates-names-winners-of-the-reinvent-the-toilet-challenge