What Norway Will Look Like In A Warmer World - Science Nordic
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Hofgaard says that wetlands underlain by permafrost are the only Norwegian ecosystem type where the influence of climate change is clear and direct. This type of ecosystem is about to disappear. “These wetlands are rich in insects, which attracts a lot of birds,” she says. “The biggest remaining fragments of this type of landscape are found in Finnmark and Troms counties, with a few bits and pieces in the Dovre region. This is a fascinating landscape that we will lose.”
Hofgaard believes the most noticeable consequence of climate change in Norway will be the increased spread of introduced species and more outbreaks of parasites and diseases. Last year, for example, there were reports that birch in northern Norway had been badly attacked by the peppered moth, Biston betularia. There were also more spruce bark beetles, an insect that is capable of killing spruce trees in great numbers.
But the biggest change facing forests will be the frequency of forest fires. Small forest fires increase the diversity of the forest landscape and may be beneficial to many species. But larger forest fires could have big consequences, Hofgaard says. "We’re expecting that there will be more rainfall in Scandinavia, which has the potential to reduce the risk of forest fires. But it is also expected that there will be more years of extreme drought,” she says.
Life in the ocean along the long Norwegian coast will also be affected. The ocean soaks up surplus heat and CO2. This is gradually warming seawater and making it more acidic. Ocean acidification makes it more difficult for organisms that rely on calcium to make shells or structures, including Norway's deepwater corals. Norway has the world's largest known occurrences of deepwater corals. For these organisms, ocean acidification will be the main problem, unlike with tropical corals, which suffer more from increased ocean temperatures.
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http://sciencenordic.com/here%E2%80%99s-what-warmer-world-will-look-norway