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Based on numbers alone, the coalition for Operation Iraqi Freedom lacks a broad military base. Currently, the United States has deployed approximately 138,000 troops in and around Iraq. Britain, the United States’ closest ally, had only 8,361 troops deployed as of Oct. 4, 2004, more than twice that of any other coalition partner. Italy, South Korea and Poland supply between 2,400 and 3,000 troops each in Iraq, while the Ukraine and the Netherlands have both deployed between 1,000 and 2,000 troops. Twenty-three other countries have offered less than 1,000 troops each, with several nations deploying fewer than 100.
The United States not only supplies the vast majority of troops in Iraq, but has also deployed a higher proportion of its total Armed Forces than any other country. This has forced the U.S. military to deploy Army Reservists and National Guardsmen in order to relieve overburdened regular units. “We are overstretched and, believe it or not, underfunded,” said Col. Bill Taylor, U.S. Army-Ret., a scholar at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. The displaced Reservists and Guardsmen have not been given the necessary equipment or training made available to regular troops.
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Stability in Iraq will likely take years to achieve, if it can be fostered at all. It remains unclear whether the member states of the coalition, including the United States, will be able to sustain the domestic political support needed for such an extended commitment. The disproportionate U.S. troop burden will worsen if withdrawal trends persist. American officials would like to “Iraqize” security operations as quickly as possible to relive the burden on American troops. According to U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld: “Our hope is that as we build up Iraqi forces, we will be able to relieve the stress on our forces and see a reduction in coalition forces over some period of time, probably post-Iraqi elections.” But he warned that it would “depend entirely on the security situation here in
.” Despite the recent victory in Fallujah, few analysts are sanguine about the prospects for an improved security environment in the near term. Even if the security situation does improve, reasoned estimates indicate that it may take up to five years to train a reliable, professional Iraqi security force. Thus American troops, and those allies that are still willing, are likely to remain in Iraq for the foreseeable future.
http://www.cdi.org/program/document.cfm?DocumentID=2689&from_page=../index.cfm