BAGHDAD, Iraq - Top Shiite Muslim leaders, who are expected to wield the most power after next month's parliamentary elections, are locked in a fierce dispute over whether the new Iraq should be a constitution-based democracy or an Iranian-style state in which clerics reign supreme.
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"There are those who want a Taliban emirate and those who want an Iranian government, and we'll fight both with our ideas," said Jawad al Bulani, the head of the Shiite Political Council, a grouping of moderate Shiite factions. "This dispute - this difference of opinion - came up, and we have to get over it. We must prove that we can present a moderate, balanced list and not let one sect overtake the other."
At the core of the debate is a concept known in Arabic as "walayat al faqih." Literally, it means "custodianship of the jurist." Practically, it means absolute rule by clerics. Observers point out that Iran, which strictly follows walayat al faqih, would like to export the model to Iraq in hopes of preventing a secular Shiite-run democracy from emboldening reformers in the Islamic republic next door.
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Walayat al faqih "hasn't been found in Iraq, not in the past or the present, and I don't know anyone calling for it," al Hakim said, adding that he opposed it. "People are using this provocative issue to scare European and Arab countries."
Other leading Shiite candidates, including several of al Hakim's allies on the slate, suggested that he was at the very least disingenuous in refusing to acknowledge his well-known support of the Iranian model. When moderate Shiite politicians who belong to the Hezbollah group were told of al Hakim's remarks, they looked incredulous.
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