Source:
Wall Street JournalBy JAMES R. HAGERTY
When Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac report fourth-quarter results in the coming week, shareholders will be nervously surveying the damage from rising defaults on home mortgages owned or guaranteed by the two companies. Both are expected to post big losses, as they did in the prior quarter. Merrill Lynch downgraded their shares to "sell" Friday.
With housing in a deep slump, the financial health of these government-sponsored behemoths matters to Americans in general, not just their long-suffering shareholders.
Fannie and Freddie acquire home loans and hold them as investments or bundle them into securities held by other investors. They collect fees for guaranteeing payments on those so-called securitized loans -- and take a hit when lots of homeowners default. Though Fannie and Freddie are owned by private shareholders, the companies were created by Congress to help ensure a steady flow of money into housing. Investors assume the government would bail them out in a crisis.
The huge role Fannie and Freddie play in the mortgage market has grown even bigger since mid-2007, when other investors took fright and virtually stopped buying home loans other than those guaranteed by Fannie and Freddie or insured by the Federal Housing Administration. Meanwhile, another set of government-sponsored institutions -- the 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks -- have stepped up their lending to mortgage companies cut off from other sources of funds.
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