Disclaimer
http://www.financialsense.com/Market/wrapup.htmIt was “April Fool's” day, and Wall Street was busy spinning bad financial news into bouts of irrational exuberance. News of a $19 billion write-down of toxic sub-prime mortgage debt at Swiss bank UBS and a $4 billion hit at Deutsche Bank might have sparked a panic sell-off in global stock markets a few weeks ago. But on “April Fool's” day, the Dow Jones Industrials soared 391-points, and the broader S&P 500 Index jumped 3.6%, posting its best 2nd-quarter start since 1938.
Shares of UBS soared 18% after the Swiss bank said it could plug the craters in its balance sheet with a $15 billion rights offering, led by a syndicate of JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, BNP Paribas and Goldman Sachs. Shares of Lehman Bros jumped 22% after it raised $4 billion from the sale of convertible preferred shares, and squeezing bearish speculators in LEH puts in the process.
Before the “April Fool's” day festivities, the S&P 500 Index had posted five straight months of losses, and a 10% slide in the first quarter. In its infinite wisdom, the stock market has already discounted a recession, which probably arrived in the first quarter. Earnings for S&P 500 companies are expected -8.1% lower in Q’1 from a year ago, down from rosy projections of +4.7% at the beginning of the quarter.
But the badly battered US financial sector soared 15% on “April Fool's” day, after British PM Gordon Brown called on the Group of Seven central bankers to stop worrying about “moral hazard” and start backing a joint plan to recapitalize global banks and buy-out the toxic sub-prime mortgages to rescue the banking system. Of course, such a bailout initiative would be funded with taxpayer’s money, with a small price of tougher regulation of the industry. “We have got to make these changes immediately,” Brown said on April 1st...
Goldman Sachs figures losses from toxic sub-prime mortgage debt at US banks could reach $460 billion, and only $120 billion have been recognized so far. Losses worldwide could hit $1.2 trillion. Such a meltdown could topple a few banks along the way, and unleash even more turmoil in global stock markets. So many traders are now betting that the G-7 central bankers and finance ministers will endorse a tax payer funded bailout for the banks at their upcoming April 11th meeting.
The earliest hint of a G-7 bailout plan was first proposed by Japan’s financial services minister Yoshimi Watanabe on March 24th. “It is essential for the US to understand that given Japan’s lesson, public fund injection into the financial sector is unavoidable. We could convey this lesson at the G-7 central bank meeting, and we are prepared to take coordinated action, to help resolve the issue,” Watanabe said.
Is speculation of a US government led bailout to rescue the banking industry a realistic proposition, or just a nasty “April Fool's” joke? Washington might be left little choice but to lead a taxpayer bailout for banks choking on toxic sub-prime mortgages, because a rising tide of home foreclosures could crush the US economy without such a plan. There are hundreds of billions of dollars worth of home mortgages in arrears, in foreclosure, or that homeowners have walked away from. US Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson now says he’s flexible to new ideas of intervention.
Free market capitalism is out of favor in Washington, and in its place, government intervention is the norm of the day. Voters are demanding immediate help, especially after the Fed-engineered bailout of Bear Stearns and its massive financial assistance to other Wall Street dealers. The Bear Stearns bailout has opened the doors for US politicians facing re-election to call for bailouts of distressed homeowners....There is a long history of US government bailouts. In the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, more than 1,000 savings and loan institutions failed, leading to a federal bailout totaling roughly $125 billion. In 1975, President Ford provided a struggling New York City with a $7 billion loan package. President Clinton came to Mexico’s aid in 1995 after a sharp devaluation of the peso, with $50 billion of loans...Congress bailed out Lockheed Aircraft in 1971 and Chrysler in 1979 with loan guarantees. In 1984, Continental Illinois was effectively taken over by the Federal government. After the September 11th terror attacks, Congress authorized $5 billion in cash to help shore up the airline industry and $10 billion in loan guarantees. Most recently, the Bernanke Fed guaranteed $30 billion of toxic sub prime mortgage debt sitting in Bear Stearns with taxpayer money.
Just how costly a US government bailout to purchase existing sub-prime mortgage loans is anyone’s guess, but it’s probably much cheaper than the cost of the FDIC paying off depositors of failed banks. It would certainly be much less than the $845 billion that Congress has already appropriated for military operations, reconstruction, embassy costs, and US bases and foreign aid programs in Iraq and Afghanistan...A massive US government bailout would add hundreds of billions to the outstanding supply of US Treasuries, but greatly relieve the stress in the banking system. It could unleash a rapid unwinding of “safe haven” positions in US 2-year T-notes, and lift US interest rates sharply higher. It could also trigger a reversal of the Fed’s rate cuts since September and a tighter US money policy in the second half of 2008.
With the yield on the US Treasury’s 2-year note jumping to 1.95% this week, from a record low of 1.35% two weeks ago, it’s already narrowed the scope of a Fed rate cut in April to a quarter-point. In testimony on Capitol Hill on April 3rd, Fed Chief Ben Bernanke said, “The effects of monetary policy are felt over a period of time and we expect to see positive effects of these policies going forward.” Until then, Fed policy might stay on hold at 2% because, “there’s a chance in the first half there might be a slight contraction,” Bernanke said....Expectations that the Fed’s rate cutting campaign is nearing an end has stabilized the US dollar, with the greenback’s strongest gains seen against the Japanese yen, which offers negative rates of interest after adjusting for inflation, and the British pound in anticipation of gradual rate cuts by the Bank of England. The Bank of Canada is expected to match any residual Fed rate cut in this cycle.
The Gold market was rattled after its historic rally fizzled out above the psychological $1,000/oz level, and surprising moves by the Federal Reserve to drain some excess cash out of the US banking system after the rescue of Bear Stearns. But Mr. Bernanke and his radical band of inflationists at the Fed have expanded the MZM money supply by 16.8% from a year ago, which could ignite hyper-inflation in the US economy once the monetary stimulus in the pipeline starts to take effect.
Crude oil remains perched above the once unthinkable $100/barrel level as global demand should outstrip supply later this year, and as global investors seek a hedge against the Fed’s cheap money policies. If a G-7 government led bailout of the banks should fail to materialize, the Fed won’t be able to rescue the dollar with higher rates, and sentiment in the gold market could turn bullish again.
How Much Longer Will Saudi Arabia Support the US$?
With oil soaring to a record $112 a barrel, and the Fed working overtime to prevent a meltdown in the global financial system, US President George Bush was looking for a quick fix to stabilize the US stock markets, and sent his trusted deputy Dick Cheney to the Middle East to meet with Saudi King Abdullah, the de-facto leader of OPEC. In advance of Cheney’s 4-1/2 hour meeting at the King’s farm on March 22nd, crude oil in New York tumbled by $5/barrel, briefly slipping below $100/barrel.
“Obviously, we want to see an increase in oil production,” said White House spokeswoman Dana Perino. “The president wants OPEC to take into consideration that the US economy has weakened, partly because of higher oil prices. We think more supply would help, and I don’t anticipate that the vice president would have any other message than that one,” Perino said.
The US “Plunge Protection Team” is struggling to rescue an American economy that is sagging under the weight of sliding home prices, sharply higher food and energy prices, and a banking crisis, and with little luck in persuading Riyadh to increase oil production. Instead, OPEC blames the US Treasury, which has done nothing to prop-up the weak dollar, which boosts US exports but makes oil more expensive.
Two days later, Cheney hinted there was no quick fix from king Abdullah. “We’ve seen the price of oil rise dramatically to over $100 a barrel. It reflects the realities in the marketplace. There is very little spare capacity in the global oil market, and there is increasing demand for oil in China, India and in the oil producing nations themselves. The price of oil reflects the new realities in the marketplace,” he said.
Cheney’s visit to the Persian Gulf monarchs also included a personal plea to avoid pulling the plug on the US dollar’s artificial life support. If the Arab oil kingdoms decide to ditch their dollar pegs to control inflation and diversify their overseas assets to earn higher returns in other currencies or in gold and commodities, the net result could be the loss of the US dollar’s reserve currency status.
The vice president’s itinerary for his nine-day tour, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Israel and Turkey, was also designed for saber rattling with Tehran. Cheney’s hawkish threats over Iran’s nuclear weapons program keeps the Arab oil kingdoms wedded to the dollar, since the US military is the guarantor of the Arabian Gulf’s security. But the cost of sticking with the archaic dollar peg is intolerably high, and threatening social unrest in the kingdoms.
The Bernanke Fed is expanding the US M3 money supply at a 17% annualized rate, the fastest in history, so the Saudi central bank is expanding its M3 money supply at a faster 24% rate in order to prevent the Saudi riyal from rising against the US dollar. The Saudi central bank matched the Fed’s 75 basis point rate cut on March 18th, cutting bank deposit rates to 2.25%, which is far below the inflation rate.
In turn, the explosive money supply growth and negative rates of interest are fanning the flames of inflation in the desert kingdom, hitting 8.7% in February, a 27-year high. The dollar peg is fuelling inflation by making imports from Asia and Europe more expensive as the US currency sinks on global markets. Rents led the rise in Saudi inflation, surging 18%, followed by food costs up 13 percent.
Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain control 40% of the world’s proven crude oil reserves. And the recent commodity price boom has swelled the coffers of governments that control commodity exports or heavily taxes the revenues earned by private commodity exporters. As a result, the assets managed by Persian Gulf sovereign wealth funds (SWF’s) have ballooned to roughly $2.5 trillion from $472.5 billion in 2004.
Funds derived from oil and gas export revenues account for roughly two-thirds of the total assets held by sovereign wealth funds (SWF’s), with the rest controlled by Asian surplus exporters. Saudi Arabia is planning a SWF for $900 billion, and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority controls $875 billion. The Kuwait Investment Authority oversees $213 billion, and the Qatar Investment Authority had an estimated value of $60 billion at the end of February.
By 2015, the Persian Gulf SWF’s could grow to $6-7 trillion. If Chinese, Russian, and Korean SWF’s are taken into account, the total global SWF value could top $12 trillion, or nearly the size of the US economy. One has to wonder what direction the Persian Gulf SWF’s will take, if the Illinois senator Barack Obama wins the US presidency in November, and hastily withdraws US troops from Iraq.