Source:
Richmond Times-DispatchRegion in Gulf of Mexico is oxygen-depleted because of excess nutrients from runoff
WASHINGTON -- Floodwaters loaded with farm runoff are heading down the Mississippi River, and scientists fear the deluge will dramatically increase this summer's dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico, covering an area the size of Maryland.
The dead zone is a region of the gulf that becomes starved for oxygen during much of the summer and cannot support fish or other sea life.
There are hundreds of dead zones around the world that wreak havoc with marine ecology and cut off vast areas for commercial fishing. The zone in the gulf is the largest in the Western Hemisphere.
Even before the flooding, scientists had predicted that the gulf this summer would see its largest-ever dead zone -- more than 10,000 square miles. Now experts say it's likely to be even bigger.
Oxygen in the dead zone is depleted by excess nutrients, mostly nitrates from farm-fertilizer runoff, that cause algae blooms. After the algae dies, bacteria on the bottom feast on the remains, removing crucial oxygen from the water.
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