President Bush's chief adviser on medical ethics yesterday accused Britain of crossing a "moral boundary" by allowing scientists to clone human embryos. Dr Leon Kass spoke ahead of a key United Nations vote which the Americans hope will ensure a worldwide ban on all forms of cloning.
British scientists, backed by the Government, say that such a ban would seriously hamper vital research into diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Last month scientists at Newcastle University were granted the first British licence to clone human embryos for research.
Therapeutic cloning involves creating copies of human embryos and harvesting stem cells from them which can develop into any tissue of the human body. The embryos are destroyed before they are 14 days old and are still simply a cluster of cells no bigger than a pinhead.
Therapeutic cloning has been legal in Britain since 2002 although reproductive cloning - which aims to create human life - is outlawed in the UK and most of the rest of the world.
Some maverick scientists such as the Raelian claim they have already created a cloned baby, although they have produced no evidence to back up their announcements.
The United Nations is due to vote tomorrow on whether to back a worldwide ban on therapeutic and reproductive cloning.
Mr Bush and the Costa Rican government are in favour of a UN resolution which would outlaw all forms of cloning.
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