A dark memory still haunts the U.S. economy: The Great Stagflation of 1973-80, a time defined by an uncomfortable mix of high inflation and stagnant growth. Well, everything old is new again, as they say: A number of recent economic reports point to an early 21st century return of the two-headed beast. While nostalgia can be nice—1973 brought delights including the Academy Award-winning best picture American Graffiti and Roberta Flack's classic ballad Killing Me Softly—this is one relic of the not-so-distant past that's best left to the history books.
Unfortunately, the stars may be aligning for stagflation's return. The big implication of the government's recent round of price reports is that inflation is starting to accelerate. The producer price index over the past 12 months has risen 7.4%, according to a government report released Feb. 26—the biggest advance since October, 1981. The consumer price index over the same period is up 4.3% (and in the past three months it has been running at a 6.8% pace). Import prices have risen 13.7% since January, 2007, representing the largest year-over-year increase since the index was first published in September, 1982.
Price Hikes Go Mainstream
Even more disturbing, energy and food are no longer solely responsible for the sharp headline price hikes. The inflation figures increasingly reflect broad-based changes in the economy, affecting the prices of a wide variety of goods, including over-the-counter and prescription medicines, soap and detergents, and platinum and gold jewelry. So much for price stability.
On the other hand, most indications are that the economy is teetering on the edge of a downturn. For instance, the housing market continues to deteriorate with both lower home prices and lower home sales while foreclosures and short sales are rising. The manufacturing sector appears to be stalling out, and corporate payrolls are weak. The Conference Board's consumer confidence index is at its lowest level in 15 years (not counting the impact of the 2003 Iraq war). The dollar is flirting with record lows against the euro.
Add it all up, and it starts to look like the "S" word. "I would call it mild stagflation compared to the 1970s," says Allen Sinai, chief economist at Decision Economics, an economic and financial advisory firm. "But it is probably the same animal."
http://www.businessweek.com/investor/content/feb2008/pi20080226_819023.htm