Biotechnology, a burgeoning industry born in the Bay Area, is often cast as the savior that will help replace the hundreds of thousands of jobs lost to offshoring, the trend by U.S. firms to cut costs by sending work overseas.
But there are signs that the nation's biotech industry may be on the verge of an offshoring wave of its own, awakened to an international climate where firms can get qualified workers for as little as a tenth of the U.S. cost. "Some of the best minds in biotech are in India,'' said Clyde Prestowitz, president of the Economic Strategy Institute in Washington, D.C. "You'd be foolish not to take advantage of them.'' A canvass of the Bay Area alone easily turns up biotech companies that are already testing the offshore waters. For example, Stanford University spin- off SRI International has an outsourcing deal with a research firm in Shanghai. South San Francisco's Genentech Inc., founder of the biotech industry, is manufacturing some supplies of an innovative cancer drug in Spain.
No comprehensive study has yet gauged the extent of biotech's movement offshore, even as the industry is held up as the economy's ace in the hole in a fierce national debate. Bush administration officials, CEOs and some economists maintain that job losses from offshoring -- particularly by the technology industry -- will be offset by new employment in innovative sectors like biotech that will be stimulated by global trade. But Bush's Democratic rival, Massachusetts Sen. John Kerry, calls firms that offshore "Benedict Arnolds.''
Any significant net exodus of biotech jobs would have a particular impact on California, which now hosts half the biotech jobs in the United States. By some estimates, the U.S. biotech industry could employ five times its current number of workers by 2015. If offshoring erodes California's share of that growth, it could worsen the strain on a region already hard hit by the contraction in information technology hiring.
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