right now.
Hanshin, Japan: An N-K System of Disaster Response
A severe earthquake struck the Hanshin region of Japan at 5:46 a.m. on January 17, 1995, registering 7.2 on the Richter scale of magnitude. The epicenter was located on northern Awaji Island, just off shore from Kobe, a city of 1.5 million population. The rupture registered strong ground motion through downtown Kobe and northward to the neighboring cities of Nishinomiya, Ashiya, Itami City, Amagasaki, Takarazuka, and other towns in southern Hyogo Prefecture. A disaster response system evolved following this event, revealing important characteristics of the process of self organization in dynamic, uncertain environments.
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From these profiles, it is clear that different types of organizations entered the response process at different times and engaged in disaster and relief operations for different periods of time. Participation of both private and nonprofit organizations peaked in the third week of operations, as reported in the Japan Times. Interesting also is the active role of the yamaguchigumi, the Japanese mafia, in the organization and distribution of disaster relief, in apparent cooperation with local governmental officials. (A list of all organizations identified as part of the interorganizational response system is available from the author.) Other data show the extraordinary mobilization of a national response through fire departments, medical volunteers, and water teams from 43 of Japan's 47 prefectures. These activities all required communication and coordination, central to cooperative action.
http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/qr/qr78.html