http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/mainframe.htm1. WHAT WAS SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT?
The apartheid government’s aim when it came into power in 1948, was that of achieving White supremacy, a Christian National State, and enforcing racial segregation. The key elements of enforcing racial segregation were
*
the classification of the population into African, Coloured, Indian and White racial groups
*
strict racial segregation in the urban areas
*
restricted African urbanization
*
a tightly controlled and more restricted system of migrant labour
*
A stronger emphasis on tribalism and traditionalism in African administration than in the past
*
A drastic strengthening of security legislation and control
These were to form the basis on which the ‘HOMELANDS‘ policy was to develop. Territorial segregation was not new. There existed the ‘reserves’ which had been created under the British administration in the 19th century. Under Verwoerd’s rule, this land was seen as having the potential to of accommodate the majority of Africans and give them ‘political rights’ This, for the government would control the increasing movement of African people into the cities. Black people would work in the cities but live in their ‘own’ areas where they would be housed, educated, and administered to ensure a continuous supply of workers for the cities. The government started refining its policy of separate development that turned from ‘Bantustan’ to ‘Homelands’ and eventually ten ‘national states’. The government started intoroducing legislation that would bring its policy into reality.