The credit crunch induced by the sub-prime mortgage debacle was supposed to be easing by now. Yet there are increasingly worrying indications that it might be getting worse.
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The latest Citigroup index shows that there has been a sharp deterioration in conditions since the Fed began to cut rates last autumn.
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How can this be, given that interest rates are much lower — not only official rates but ten-year bond yields and most other market rates? The problem is that conditions are deteriorating on so many fronts that the official interest-rate cuts have been overwhelmed by negative movements elsewhere. Equity prices have declined, raising the cost of capital for businesses. Falling property prices have significantly eroded the value of household balance sheets.
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And then, of course, there is the blunt reality of the credit crunch — the increasing reluctance of banks to lend money, even to relatively creditworthy customers. Last week the Fed published its quarterly survey of lending officers at commercial banks around the country. Almost one third of these lenders said that they had tightened their credit standards for loans to all categories of business customers — small, medium and large.
More intriguing was the reason these bankers gave for their greatly reduced willingness to advance loans. It was not, they said, because of any capital or liquidity concerns at the bank itself, but primarily because of rising concerns about economic conditions that could adversely affect the borrowers' ability to meet their obligations.
This suggests that the economy may now be in the grip of a vicious circle. The initial credit tightening from last autumn seems to have led to a sharp drop in confidence and a slowing in economic activity. But this, in turn, has made lenders much more reluctant to extend loans, even to high-quality borrowers.
Times Online