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Drought Slashes Electricity Output At Glen Canyon Dam - SL Tribune

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hatrack Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Jul-09-04 09:41 AM
Original message
Drought Slashes Electricity Output At Glen Canyon Dam - SL Tribune
"Plummeting water levels in Lake Powell have drastically slashed electricity generation at the reservoir's Glen Canyon Dam, forcing power authorities to cut deliveries to utilities from the Colorado Front Range to Provo, Utah.

Federal officials fear that $100 million worth of hydropower generated annually by Lake Powell could dry up completely by 2009 -- if dam managers continue releasing water at pre-drought rates. That would deal a crushing economic blow not only to utilities that depend on cheap hydropower from Lake Powell, but also to a host of federal and state programs.

Meanwhile, water levels in Lake Powell have fallen so low that Colorado and neighboring states are considering asking the federal government to preserve the lake's water for drinking supplies, which would cut hydropower production even further. "We are looking to see if there are ways to slow down the decline of Lake Powell and Lake Mead," said Russ George, Colorado's natural resources director. "We can't make more water. We're asking ourselves: 'Are there things we can be doing to avoid taking water out?' "

EDIT

The five-year drought has already drained Lake Powell to 43 percent of capacity, reducing the pressure of water entering Glen Canyon's turbines. That lost pressure, or "hydraulic head," has slashed the dam's generating capacity by some 30 percent, leading to higher costs for Colorado's electric utilities served by the Western Area Power Administration. In 2002, WAPA, which sells power from dams in the Colorado River Storage Project, raised rates 18 percent. During the past two years, WAPA was forced to buy $135 million worth of power to honor existing contracts with Colorado and Utah utilities. The power administration also had to slash deliveries by a quarter this year."

EDIT

http://166.70.44.66/2004/Jul/07062004/utah/181342.asp
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blindpig Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Jul-09-04 04:48 PM
Response to Original message
1. the damned thing should never have been built in the 1st place
Edited on Fri Jul-09-04 05:01 PM by blindpig
Ask David Brower. Compromising in environmental issues is losing.
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hatrack Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Jul-09-04 04:58 PM
Response to Reply #1
2. You're not thinking of David Brower, are you?
;-)
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blindpig Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Jul-09-04 05:01 PM
Response to Reply #2
3. yup, thanks n/t
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NNadir Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Jul-10-04 03:55 AM
Response to Original message
4. According to this link, the Glen Canyon Dam produces 500 Megawatts of
power in a typical year. http://www.glencanyon.org/newsletter/nl2.5.htm

Right now, I suspect that this (almost trivial) amount of electricity will replaced by burning Wyoming Coal.

According to this link, from the anti-nuclear (actually anti-energy) group, the Union of Concerned "Scientists," the following statistics apply to coal (and I've left out some of the juicier parts that can be found at the link):

"A 500 megawatt coal plant produces 3.5 billion kilowatt-hours per year, enough to power a city of about 140,000 people. It burns 1,430,000 tons of coal, uses 2.2 billion gallons of water and 146,000 tons of limestone.

It also puts out, each year:

10,000 tons of sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide (SOx) is the main cause of acid rain, which damages forests, lakes and buildings.


10,200 tons of nitrogen oxide. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is a major cause of smog, and also a cause of acid rain.


3.7 million tons of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main greenhouse gas, and is the leading cause of global warming. There are no regulations limiting carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S.


500 tons of small particles. Small particulates are a health hazard, causing lung damage. Particulates smaller than 10 microns are not regulated, but may be soon..."

Even the Union of Concerned "Scientists" knows coal is bad for you.

This link has (surprising for the Union of Concerned "Scientists") a statement about the risk of coal mining. It states (I'll paraphrase) that in the 1970's a typical 500 MW coal plant was responsible for the death of one miner every two years and the disabling of 38 others. Apparently, the risk has been happily (or unhappily) reduced by managing to fire lots of the miners and replace them with machines.

There is no statement, of course, about the number of people who die from the air pollution associated with a coal plant.

Although the amount of electricity produced by the dam is, in fact, relatively trivial, on the grand scale of power generation, because I believe that the most profound immediate environmental risk that the planet faces is the greenhouse effect, I cannot completely celebrate as much as I would like to, the recovery of the magnificent Glen Canyon.

I will do what I do with annoying constancy, and make the nuclear comparison however, since I am reality based:

The typical output of the Glen Canyon dam is about 1/2 of the electrical output a typical nuclear power plant produces.

http://www.nucleartourist.com/us/diablo.htm

(The stated maximum capacity of the dam is apparently about 1,300 Megawatts when the water is flowing, but that's not what the dam actually produces)

A 1000 MWe nuclear power plant "burns" 2.2 kg of fissionable material per day. If one assumes that all of this 2.2 kg is Uranium (density 19.050 grams/ml) this amounts to 115 ml of Uranium per day, about the amount contained in half a coffee cup. Since the dam produces only half of the power a nuclear power plant produces, the equivalent amount of Uranium that would need to be burned each day to recover the entire Glen Canyon is found in one quarter of a coffee cup.

I expect, as usual, I will hear all sorts of useless specious paranoid crap from the usual suspects about my comparison, but it will only piss me off more, because it is disgusting, really disgusting, when one examines the criteria by which choices about energy are made in this abysmally ignorant country.

I will state for the record however, that rather than burning coal or fissioning Uranium or destroying ecosystems and sinking sacred places, the people of the West could easily recover this (again, trivial) amount of electricity by buying fluorescent lights. This is the ideal solution.

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hunter Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Jul-10-04 01:53 PM
Response to Reply #4
5. Maximum capacity of Glen Canyon Dam...
Glen Canyon is commonly used as a "peaking plant." On very hot afternoons when everyone is running their air conditioners the dam is run at full capacity. Nights and mornings the flow is reduced to the minimum "required" to maintain downstream wildlife. These daily cycles of rapidly changing river flows are, of course, very unnatural.
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NNadir Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Jul-10-04 03:26 PM
Response to Reply #5
6. I didn't recognize this, but it makes sense.
Actually nuclear power is poorly suited for providing peak loads, because of an effect known as Xenon poisoning, so this is a little rain on my nuclear parade.

Peak load power is best provided by solar energy, and this is the real niche for PV systems and parabolic mirror systems, which are of course, well suited to the Western Deserts.

I have learned here at DU that parabolic mirror systems actually run quite well in California. This would be an ideal place for them should we come to our senses and blow up this horrible dam.

Thanks for pointing out the specifics of this application.
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hatrack Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Jul-10-04 04:21 PM
Response to Reply #5
7. However, they can't cycle it up and down like they used to
Time was when you'd simply open the penstocks all the way at about 2:00 and then damp down the flows around 7:00 or 8:00 pm, when peak rates and demand both began to fall. If you looked at flow graphs back then, it looked like an absolutely perfect square-tooth wave graph.

Nowadays, thanks to attempts to protect downstream beaches, habitat and so on (such as they are) mean that the ramp-up and drop-off periods are more gradual, and the peak flows aren't as high as they could be.

However, the loss of hydrologic head means that all this may well be moot in a couple of years. Last time I looked at USBR's web site, Powell was dropping about a foot every nine days, which is pretty fast.
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NNadir Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sun Jul-11-04 08:42 PM
Response to Reply #7
8. How long before it's empty? eom
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hatrack Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 09:52 AM
Response to Reply #8
9. It can't empty per se . . .
Edited on Mon Jul-12-04 09:53 AM by hatrack
The reservoir is full at 3700' above sea level. The pool now is about 115 feet below that, at approximately 3584 and change, which is just shy of 44% of capacity, btw.

The penstocks are located somewhere around 3480, and the water level would have to drop another 100' to take them out of the water, although generation would continue to fall along with the water level well before then.

The river outlet works are even lower, at about 3365' (I think), and if the water level fell below them, there would be no way to let water out of the remaining "dead pool" storage of about 2.5 million acre-feet - at least without excavating the old diversion tunnels or something similarly radical.

Interior and USGS aren't really sure about just how low levels will go, although two more marinas have already closed since their launch ramps are coming out of the water again. Aside from rec. industry problems, the big question is the drought itself - whether this is a seven- or ten-year cycle, or a 30- to 50-year cycle, as happened in the 13th and 15th centuries.

If this is a long-cycle drought, there is a real possibility that Powell could drop to dead pool levels, perhaps within six or seven years. If it does, things are going to become very interesting in the Lower Basin states.
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jpak Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 12:07 PM
Response to Reply #4
10. Zero-emissions coal fired power plants
Edited on Mon Jul-12-04 12:57 PM by jpak
http://www.cleanenergysystems.com/TechPapers/Australiapaper101501.htm

w4.siemens.de/en2/html/press/ newsdesk_archive/2004/e_0419_pdf.pdf

http://www.epri.com/D2004/dilbert.aspx?id=664&year=2004

http://www.kgs.ukans.edu/General/News/2004/futuregen.html

Several demonstration IGCC coal plants have been built and operated in the US and other countries.

They demonstrated thermal efficiencies exceeding 46% (near term technology goal ~55%) , near-zero emissions of SOx, NOx and Hg and used a fraction of the water required to operate a conventional coal-fired power plant.

Replacing existing coal-fired plants with IGCC plants would significantly reduce US coal consumption and CO2 emissions (by virtue of their high thermal efficiencies and/or by deep injection of exhaust CO2).

and...

Why the World Bank does not invest in nuclear power...

http://www.ecn.cz/private/c10/worldbnk.html

World Bank document (#154) available in PDF here...

http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDS_IBank_Servlet?pcont=details&eid=000009265_3971126124410

and...

A typical light water reactor discharges 25-30 MT of spent fuel per year with the following radioisotope inventory.

(units are millions of Curies per reactor per year) ..

Tritium = 0.024
Krypton = 107
Strontium = 174
Iodine = 337
Xenon = 225
Cesium = 198
Other elements = 625
rare earths = 1374
Uranium = 601
Plutonium = 12
Americium and Curium = 4
Actinides = 1198
Activated metals = 4

TOTAL = 5.2 billion Curies per reactor per year

10 years after discharge, 13 million Curies remain (primarily fission products and actinides).

50 years after discharge, one would receive a lethal dose of gamma radiation by standing 1 meter from a spent fuel assembly for one hour.






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NNadir Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 01:05 PM
Response to Reply #10
11. Millions die each year from standing for one hour within one meter
of fifty year old spent nuclear fuel rods. It's a very common practice as I understand it, as it is a ritual in certain religions, the rather curiouser and curiouser anti-nuclear religion being one.

I'll bet that not one of these people who went out of their way to stand next to spent rods, and be killed (and I'm sorry to report that I am not such a person) knew that coal companies could change the element Mercury into some nontoxic element, and spit it completely out of the universe simply by installing equipment or that billions of billions of tons toxic coal waste could be chanted away by calling up websites.

Let's cut to the chase. Where is one person anywhere in the United States who has ever been killed anywhere by the storage of so called nuclear waste? Why can't I ever get that question answered? Which word in the question makes it difficult to answer.

A report I'd like to see would be like this one:

http://www.msha.gov/FATALS/2004/FAB04c02.HTM

Or this one:

http://www.msha.gov/FATALS/2004/FAB04c03.HTM

Or a happy report like this one that indicates that there were "only" 55 coal mining deaths in the United States in 2003, a record low.

http://www.courier-journal.com/localnews/2004/01/03ky/met-4-mine01030-4022.html

And before appealing to Chernobyl, one should be aware that I can call up websites detailing thousands of coal mining deaths in China in the last year alone.

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jpak Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 02:19 PM
Response to Reply #11
12. If one ignores cancer and occupational deaths among uranium miners...
and worker deaths at US nuclear fuel fabrication facilities...

and cancer mortality and general morbidty among US uranium enrichment facilities workers...

and deaths (past and future) among Chernobyl victims...

and deaths from the (major) 1957 accident at the Soviet Chelyabinsk reprocessing facility...

and cancer deaths resulting from at the Windscale 1(UK) reactor accident in 1957...

and deaths at the SL-1 experimental reactor (Idaho) in 1961....

and acute radiation deaths from a reactor accident in Argentina (1983)...

then the nuclear power industry has a stellar occupational health record.

:)

BTW: China's shockingly poor record on occupational health and safety is not exclusive to their coal industry - they are after all a communist dictatorship and a "workers paradise" (not).

I believe the Chinese term for uranium miner is "glow slave" (it's true).

I wonder what their experience is within their nuclear power industry (clue: it's a state secret).

but they have admitted to serious accidents at their "Atomic City" site..

PS - there were 29 (not 55 deaths) among US coal miners according to the link...
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midnight armadillo Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 02:50 PM
Response to Reply #11
13. Consider how toothless the NRC is
Let's cut to the chase. Where is one person anywhere in the United States who has ever been killed anywhere by the storage of so called nuclear waste? Why can't I ever get that question answered? Which word in the question makes it difficult to answer.

The nuclear industry is largely self-regulated. It's very likely there have beens deaths due to radiation in the US amongst workers at nuclear plants if one considers the appalling safety record of the US nuclear industry. The only agency I can think of that's more in the pocket of its regulated industry is the USDA.

Yes, I say 'appalling' since there are a large number of near-miss incidents and safety lapses, including the recent one in Cleveland at the David-Besse plant. When most US nukes are on the outskirts of large urban areas, you don't get to make mistakes like that.

If the nuclear industry was so safe and so foolproof as you claim, they wouldn't be protected from the insurance industry. Check your homeowner's policy for the nuclear accident exemption, passed by Congress.
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Massacure Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 04:26 PM
Response to Reply #13
14. On the other hand France gets 75% of its electricity from nuclear power
France's electricity cost about 4 cents per kilowatt. Thats compared to 9 cents where I live here in the states.
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jpak Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 06:48 PM
Response to Reply #14
15. France has a state-owned nuclear power industry and electrical grid
and it's a monopoly to boot...

which is exactly what Bush and Cheney have in mind for the US...

www.citizen.org/documents/nuke2010analysis.pdf
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Massacure Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 07:13 PM
Response to Reply #15
16. Monopoly or not, the electricity is cheap and clean.
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jpak Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Mon Jul-12-04 07:46 PM
Response to Reply #16
17. It's heavily subsidized by the government - it better be cheap
Clean? Yep -that's what the government tells 'em all right.

and that' s also what Dick Cheney says about the French nuclear program too.
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NickB79 Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Jul-13-04 12:07 AM
Response to Reply #17
18. What is the current situation with France's nuclear waste?
How many metric tons do they currently have, and how are they handling it?

I have never heard of France having issues with nuclear waste disposal like we have here in the US, despite their numerous reactors. What are they doing with their waste that we are not?
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treepig Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Tue Jul-13-04 07:06 AM
Response to Reply #15
19. what about the large-scale biomass schemes you envision?
do you really think that (if they ever come to fruition) they won't be controlled by likes of monsanto and archer-daniel-midland?

and involve a huge increase in the use of pesticides and/or genetically modified crops?

sounds like something bush and cheney might have in mind . . .



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