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Large numbers of greys (Eschrichtius robustus) have recently found to have been starving when they arrived at their breeding grounds and it was assumed this had been caused by increased numbers competing for limited food supplies. The grey filters its food, mainly crustaceans such as amphipods and tube worms, found in bottom sediments of the ocean.
But now the scientists believe that climate change in its Arctic feeding grounds has cut its traditional food sources and that even the vastly reduced population cannot easily survive. And as a knock-on effect the grey has been unable to play its normal role in the ocean's ecology putting other species at risk.
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The scientists believe the vastly reduced population of gray whales has probably brought about large changes in Pacific ocean ecosystems. Uniquely among whales, the grey bulldozes troughs through the ocean floor as it searches for food throwing up sediment and bringing food closer to the surface. "A population of 96,000 gray whales would have resuspended 12 times more sediment each year than the biggest river in the Arctic, the Yukon," said Alter, "and would have played a critical role in the ecology of the Bering Sea."
Other species may have felt the loss of whales as well. "The feeding plumes of gray whales are foraging grounds for Arctic seabirds," Prof Palumbi said. "96,000 gray whales would have helped feed over a million seabirds a year." The study raises questions about how many whales the oceans can now support and whether, even with the hunting ban, whether the grey has a future if overfishing and global climate change continues.
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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/main.jhtml;jsessionid=0K0DHBMYRD4XHQFIQMGCFFOAVCBQUIV0?xml=/earth/2007/09/10/eawhale110.xml