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"An Israeli government effort to make good on a five-year-old commitment to the US and Palestinians to rein in settlement expansion in the West Bank is coming under legal fire at home.
Under the 2003 "road map" peace plan, Israel promised to remove about two dozen or so unauthorized hilltop outposts as a way to build confidence in Palestinian peace talks, but has so far avoided dismantling the outpost communities for fear of violent clashes with settlers.
This week, the government revealed a compromise reached with the settler leadership aimed at avoiding conflict: Migron, a flagship outpost of 40 families living in mobile homes near the Palestinian city of Ramallah, would be relocated to an already existing settlement.
But at a Supreme Court hearing Wednesday, justices sided with Palestinians who own the land at Migron. Their lawyers argued that the deal allows the government to avoid evacuation during the minimum three years it could take to build new homes.
"I don't believe that Migron will be moved," says Michael Sfard, a lawyer for the settlement watchdog group Peace Now, which represented the Palestinians. "All of these statements are only made to enable more extensions by the courts."
Clashes over settlement evacuations will carry extra political weight in the run-up to a Feb. 10 general election, especially for Defense Minister Ehud Barak, whose Labor Party is sagging in the polls and desperately needs votes from left-wing Israelis. Mr. Barak, who oversees Israel's military occupation of the West Bank, is already embroiled in a standoff over a house in Hebron that settlers moved into illegally in 1997 and which the Supreme Court last week said must be cleared.
"The legal system is closing in on the government," says Hebrew University political science professor Yaron Ezrahi. "And so is public expectation that the government will do something about it. Things are moving finally, maybe because of the election."
moreA mockery, not a compromise<
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"As a new American president prepares to take office, and as Israel prepares for national elections, the government of Israel has announced a "compromise" on the illegal West Bank outpost of Migron. The deal makes a mockery of government pledges to deal seriously with illegal settler activity. It also challenges the seriousness of Israel's commitment to achieving peace with the Palestinians. Understanding why requires a closer examination of the details hidden behind the announcement.
Here are the facts: In December 2006, the Israeli government admitted that Migron, the flagship of the outpost movement, was illegal - its residents little more than thieves squatting on Palestinian private property - and should be evacuated. After delaying action, to try to placate the settler law-breakers, the government has now arrived at a deal with settler leaders: the eventual relocation of Migron to a site that is part of the municipal area of the West Bank settlement of Adam.
This compromise reduces what should be a demonstration of Israel's seriousness about stopping illegal settler actions to nothing more than a mechanism for legalizing such actions. More ominously, it allows for a dangerous Israeli government precedent: expansion of a settlement located east of the security barrier and its eventual annexation to Jerusalem, something that would have grave consequences for the viability of the Israeli-Palestinian two-state solution.
Here's why: Adam is an isolated settlement of around 2,500 residents, located far northeast of Jerusalem. Its built-up area is about four miles from the Green Line and about one mile from the municipal boundary of Jerusalem. But these numbers are not the whole story. Near Adam, the security barrier dips deep into the West Bank, leaving Adam on the West Bank side while effectively annexing nearly all the open land west of it - around 450 acres - to Israel.
Critics warned that the only justification for this gerrymandering was political: to clear the way for settlement construction that would link Adam to Jerusalem, while blocking any Palestinian development in the area.
And sure enough, in March 2007, Plan 240/3 surfaced, under which Adam would be massively expanded onto the annexed land. The planned construction would accommodate more than 1,000 new units, intended to house more than 5,000 settlers. It would leave Adam straddling the barrier, and create a contiguous block of Jewish settlement stretching west from Adam to the large Jerusalem settlement of Neve Ya'akov, located more than four miles away. With this accomplished, the re-routing of the security barrier to take in the rest of Adam would be a virtual fait accompli."
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