Now, in the updated version of the book, "The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited" published by Cambridge University Press in January, Mr. Morris argues that the history of Israel's war for independence is even darker and more complicated. Drawing on newly released archives from Israel's military and its cabinet, Mr. Morris writes that while there may have been no "agreed, systematic policy of expulsion" in 1948, " `transfer' was in the air, and the departure of the Arabs was deeply desired on the local and national levels." Perhaps more shocking, he also documents instances of small-scale massacres and a few cases of rape.
At the same time, Mr. Morris has also uncovered evidence that Arab leaders did more to encourage a Palestinian exodus than previously thought.
Yet today Mr. Morris draws a very different conclusion from his findings. In the late 1980's and 90's, Mr. Morris argued that Israel had a moral obligation to compromise with the Palestinians, whom he portrayed as victims of Israeli aggression. Now, however, he says such aggression was justified in 1948 — and could be in the future as well. The Palestinians, he said, are a "very sick society" and deserve to be treated as such.
Mr. Morris said his views began to shift in late 2000, after the collapse of the Camp David peace talks and the subsequent launching of the second intifada. Disgusted by what he saw as implacable Palestinian rejectionism, Mr. Morris loudly renounced his former support for the peace process and for accommodation with the Palestinians. Although he had previously believed that the Palestinians, reluctantly or not, were "willing to make an historic compromise," he came to reject that view, publicly declaring that any compromise between Israelis and the Palestinians — whom he described as "in the state of being a serial killer" — is impossible.
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