http://www.legacy-project.org/symposium/printpaper.html?ID=1A fantastic and thoughtful paper, worth reading in entirety.
A few paragraphs from The Holocaust, seen from the Arab World, by Rami Khouri and comments by Anwar Chemseddine.
Rami G. Khouri is a well known Jordanian journalist whose work is syndicated around the world. The following column, filed on May 16, 2001 from London, reflects on the Holocaust’s centrality in western culture, and the complexities this poses for interchange between the Arab and western worlds.
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A key element of this cycle has nothing to do with the modern Arab-Israeli conflict, but rather relates to modern European and Jewish history. For the other thing that one notices in the Western European mass media is the persistence of articles about the many dimensions of the Holocaust, the Nazis, German use of Jewish and other slave labor, and related issues. The latest such news last week was about a regional cabinet minister in Belgium who resigned under pressure after he was filmed attending a meeting of SS veterans and Nazi sympathizers, and the news that compensation payments for former Nazi slaves and forced laborers were likely to begin this summer, following the end of some court proceedings in the United States.
The glaring contradiction we face is this: while the horrific treatment of the Jews half a century ago remains a central moral and political issue in the Western psyche, the trend among public opinion in the Arab world today is to question the veracity of the accepted wisdom about the extent of the killing of Jews by the Nazis. Both of these trends are the work of rather small minorities, in that the majority of Arabs and Western Europeans get on with their lives without thinking about these issues. But the small minorities of people on both sides who do bring these matters into the public eye via the mass media and the political systems tend to perpetuate these opposing views. The resulting bitter cycle of anger and enmity on both sides includes dangerous overtones of racial stereotyping and anti-Semitism that targets both Arab and Israeli Semites (both of whom are the ‘Semitic’ descendants of Shem, Noah’s son).
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Comments:
"The Arabs' View of the Holocaust is indeed troubled"
Anwar Chemseddine
Rami Khouri’s description of the Arabs’ confused perception of the Holocaust, and the West’s “anger” over this, is on the whole accurate. But his account is itself slightly confused, for it neglects the cause of the confusion. Merely reiterating the terms of “the bitter cycle of anger and enmity on both sides” is not enough. The Arabs’ view of the Holocaust is indeed troubled, not because of any revisionist or negationist schools of historians actively engaged, as in Europe and the United States, in questioning the extent of the massacre, or doubting its veracity, or deliberately blurring the issues raised by it, but because the Holocaust is almost invariably regarded through the foggy prism of the Middle East conflict. Let me put it abruptly: Arabs consider the Holocaust with suspicion because they believe that Israel is using it as a master theme in its propaganda.
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Now in my opinion, it is grievously wrong to draw the Holocaust into the conflict, because the Holocaust has nothing to do with war, not fifty years ago or now. The Holocaust stands above all crimes, not only because the crimes were unprecedented in magnitude and cruelty and cold-bloodedness, but precisely because they had nothing to do with war. The Jews were singled out by the Nazis for mass-killing not for any hypothetical military gain – there are reasons to believe that the labor that went into organizing the extermination camps actually hampered the Nazi war machine – but because they were a specific portion of humanity. In that sense, the Holocaust is not only the greatest catastrophe that befell European Jewry, but stands as the epitome of the mass crime committed by a modern State, not in the conduct of war, but because it has set up a criminal public service. The genocide’s principal significance today is that it stands out as the archetype of the crime against humanity. It is this crucial relationship between the Holocaust and modernity that Arab opinion fails to understand, Israel threatens to weaken, and Khouri overlooks when he implies it is a minority interest. The Holocaust is not Europeans killing off “their Jews” (a calamity restricted to Europe, as is often heard), but a horrific event that must engage all humanity precisely because it is a crime against humanity. Perhaps it is the feebleness of this concept in Arab culture and thought which has precluded broad Arab understanding of the Holocaust’s centrality to Western culture and thought, and which may account for our continued puzzlement at the “exorbitant” attention it gets in the Western media, academy, and politics. In short, we fail to grasp the significance of the Holocaust to Western modernity because we still have difficulties engaging the issues raised by modernity, namely the ethical, juridical and political issue of human rights. Let me explain...
The Nazis’ disastrous scheme of “The Final Solution of the Jewish Question”, which aimed at nothing less than wiping the Jews from the face of the earth, did not originate from their hatred for the Jews as deicides or as well-poisoning, money-grubbing criminals (Khouri mistakes modern anti-semitism for medieval anti-Judaism). Instead,the Nazis singled out the Jews as a parasitic race responsible for all the evils of the modern world. This idea was by no means the invention of the Nazis; it had been in circulation since at least the first decades of the 19th century, and was shared by conservatives, liberals and even revolutionaries. The main charge against the Jews was that they were “in essence” cosmopolitan (Bodenloss). In the context of a Europe exalted by rising nationhood, this was the crime above all crimes, the sad illustration of which is the “Dreyfus Affair”. Anti-semitism is a modern European phenomenon in which Jews, assimilated or unassimilated, secular or religious, liberal or radical, are made the political, cultural, ideological and social scapegoats of modernity. It is bitterly ironic that the Jews’ modernity is held against them in the name of modernity. It was presumably to enable the human race to move forward that the Jews were slaughtered. And this is the basic definition of a crime against humanity: a crime perpetrated for no other reason than the victim being singled out as a human being. The continued significance of the Holocaust is that it persistently asks the questions: How is it that in the name of humanity crimes against humanity are committed? And how is it that in the name of modernity such savagery and abomination are allowed to occur? And what aberrations of thought have led a cultured nation like Germany to execute such horrors?
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