Julian Borger in Baton Rouge
Sunday September 4, 2005
The Observer
Since Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast last Monday,
Americans have had a new way to spell failure: Fema. It stands for Federal Emergency Management Agency, but the drowning of New Orleans and the devastation of the Mississippi shore is one emergency it has clearly failed to manage.
Fema appeared to have been taken by surprise by the extent of the New Orleans flood. It took four days to begin a large-scale evacua tion of people stranded in the Superdome stadium and to bring in significant amounts of food and water to an American city easily accessible by motorway.
Relief agencies took half that time to reach Indonesia after the Boxing Day tsunami. Fema has quickly become the scapegoat for what some American politicians are conceding is a 'national disgrace'.
Fema's director, Michael Brown, has done the rounds of television talk shows, where he has been duly savaged.
He admitted that he had no idea before Thursday that there was anyone - let alone 20,000 desperate people - waiting to be evacuated by rescue teams from the
New Orleans Convention Centre, whereupon the ABC newscaster Ted Koppel asked him incredulously:
'Don't you guys watch television? Don't you guys listen to the radio? Our reporters have been reporting it for more than just today.'(clip)
Fema was established by President Jimmy Carter after criticism of the incoherent federal response to earlier natural disasters. Over the following two decades, it earned the reputation as an agile and effective organisation. All that appears to have changed after the 9/11 attacks. Fema was absorbed into the mammoth Department of Homeland Security, in the expectation that its expertise would be vital in the wake of another devastating attack.
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