Illegal abortionists were thriving. Criminologists found abortions were the third most lucrative criminal enterprise in the United States, surpassed only by gambling and narcotics.
Some abortionists were performing as many as forty-five abortions a day and between four and five thousand abortions a year.
Doctors and lawyers described criminal abortion as a "hidden social canker," "a festering social ill," and "one of the major medical and social problems of the nation."
Significant statutory restrictions on abortion were unenforceable. "All efforts to control the incidence of criminal abortion by legislation," public health specialists concluded, had "resulted in failure."
A 1963 law review article noted "our nation's abortion laws have admittedly kept legal abortions to a minimum, just as the eighteenth amendment virtually eliminated the legal consumption of liquor." Nevertheless, the author continued, "the abortion enactment have been no more successful in preventing abortion than the eighteenth amendment was in eradicating drinking."
Lacking cooperative witnesses, law enforcement agents could not easily shut down known practitioners of criminal abortion. Moreover, many police officers and prosecutors "share
the widespread belief that the abortionist is in fact performing a useful service" and preferred spending their scarce resources preventing what they and their communities regarded as real crimes.
The few prosecutions that were instituted faced jurors unwilling to convict abortionists and judges unwilling to impose severe sentences. Anti-abortion advocates complained that "even the most outrageous abortionist" could not be convicted in a jury trial.
One juror refused to convict a well-known abortionist because there was "nobody in Schuykill County that the doctor hasn't helped."
Half the abortionists convicted in New York between 1925 and 1950 were sentenced only to probation. Dr. Milan Vuitch, a prominent physician-abortionist, was arrested sixteen times for openly running an abortion clinic in Washington, D.C. but never went to jail.
Even abortionists convicted and sentenced to prison at trial often escaped legal sanction. A significant number of convictions for illegal abortion were reversed on appeal for constitutional "technicalities," most notably entrapment. Some executives used clemency to keep abortionists on the street.
A New York campaign against illegal abortion during the first decade of the twentieth century came to a dismal conclusion when the only three abortionists convicted were immediately pardoned by the governor."
And so we will go back to this. We Americans will never learn. It didn't work for prohibition and it ain't going to work for anti-choice.
http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/book-sum/rethink.html