The Wall Street Journal
As Bigger Piece of Economic Pie Shifts To Wealthiest, U.S. Deficit Heads Downward
By GREG IP and DEBORAH SOLOMON
July 17, 2006; Page A2
(snip)
While tax revenue is growing far faster than the Bush administration forecast in its budget projections in February, the nation's economy isn't. What has changed isn't the size of the economy, but how the economic pie is divided. The share of national income going to corporations and the wealthiest individuals, already large, has expanded, while the share going to typical wage earners has shrunk. Because corporations and the wealthy generally pay income tax at higher rates than does the typical wage earner, that shift benefits the federal Treasury.
U.S. tax revenue for fiscal 2006, which ends Sept. 30, is expected to be 5% -- or $115 billion -- higher, than the administration projected in February. Largely as a result, the budget deficit is expected to be $296 billion this year, instead of $423 billion. But total economic output is expected to be just 1% larger, before adjusting for inflation, than the White House predicted. After adjusting for inflation, it is projected to be just 0.1% larger. While the unemployment rate is lower than the administration had expected, payroll growth has been slower.
(snip)
The administration has raised its estimate of corporate profits this year by 11%, but trimmed its estimate of wage and salary income by 1%. As a result, expected corporate tax collections have been revised up 20% from February. Individual income taxes were revised up 7%, with the increase primarily from wealthier taxpayers. Payroll taxes -- for Social Security, levied only on the first $94,200 of wage income, and Medicare -- are expected to total 1% less than expected. So, the tax windfall is another piece of evidence that income inequality in the U.S. continues to grow, which in turn may explain why the average American still gives President Bush low marks on the economy despite its overall strength.
On the other hand, it also may be evidence that Mr. Bush's tax cuts are working as advertised. Lower tax rates were meant to encourage people to work more, and because their taxes were cut the most, relative to income, the wealthiest may have the biggest incentive to work and earn more. In addition, cuts in taxes on capital gains and dividends were meant to reduce the cost of capital and encourage companies to invest more, which should lead to higher profits. This is called the supply-side effect, because it means workers and businesses are encouraged to supply more goods and services.
(snip)
Even if the wealthy and corporations maintain their larger share of national income, budgeting could become more treacherous. That's because corporate profits and the performance-based pay that makes up so much of the affluent's income are inherently more volatile than wages, as they are more dependent on fluctuations in business and stock-market conditions. Thus, the difficulty of projecting the Treasury's tax take could be long-lasting.
URL for this article:
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB115309455426108211.html (subscription)