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August 13 Things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school
3114 BC: The world is remade, the First Day of Creation of the world of human beings according to the Mayan calendar.
1521: Cuauhtemoc, last monarch of the Aztec, "fights rooftop to rooftop" before surrendering his starved and besieged city of Tenochtitlan; Cortes received him with honors, then later had him hanged.
1673: Rhode Island colony, founded by persons fleeing religious persecution in Puritan-controlled Massachusetts, exempts religious pacifists from military duty.
1818: Birth of Lucy Stone, feminist theorist, suffragist who supported African-American women's rights.
1889: London Dock Workers' Strike begins, headed by Ben Tillett and John Burns, with Eleanor Marx-Aveling as secretary of the strike committee.
1892: The first issue of the Baltimore "Afro-American" is published.
1892: Striking miners at Tracy City, Tenn., capture their mines and free 300 convict strikebreakers.
1898: Admiral Dewey captures Manila; U.S. takes possession of the Philippines for next 50 years.
1899: Birth of Alfred Hitchcock.
1925: Journalist H. L. Mencken is accused by the Baltimore Chamber of Commerce of damaging the city's trade with the South due to the nature of his dispatches covering the Scopes Trial.
1931: U.S. Customs closes border to keep citizens from gambling in Mexico.
1936: Newspaper Guild members begin strike of Hearst-owned Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
1942: Manhattan Project to make atomic bomb begins, Los Alamos, New Mexico.
1945: H.G. Wells dies. Author, socialist, alien lover.
1954: U.S. terminates trust relationship with Klamath tribe.
1955: Lamar Smith, a WWII vet who organized black voters in Brookhaven, Mississippi, is shot to death in front of the Lincoln County Courthouse. Three men--Noah Smith, Mack Smith and Charles Falvey--are charged, but a grand jury finds no witnesses to testify against them, despite a large number of people near the courthouse during the shooting.
1956: Grande Ronde reservation, Oregon, terminated.
1961: East German border guards begin construction of Berlin Wall. The wall stood until November 9, 1989.
1963: A. Philip Randolph, noted civil rights and labor leader, strongly protests the AFL-CIO Executive Council's failure to endorse the August 28 "March on Washington."
1966: South Vietnamese Premier Nguyen Cao Ky predicts: "In two or three years, or even before, the Communists will accept defeat."
1971: U.S. Attorney General John Mitchell announces there will be no federal grand jury investigation of the May 4, 1970 Kent State shootings.
1977: Aircraft crashes at nuclear weapons store, Machrihanish, Argyllshire, Scotland.
1989: New York state returns 12 wampum belts to Onandaga.
1993: Long Haul Infoshop, anarchist bookstore and community center, opens, Berkeley, Calif.
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