Where the candidates stand on sports issuesSports and public policy have intersected over the last few years in several areas. Some of the most contentious debate has been about the interpretation and enforcement of the athletics aspects of Title IX, the 1972 law that bans sex discrimination at schools that receive federal funds. Some of the most notable recent sports stories have risen from federal prosecutions related to performance-enhancing drugs.
USA TODAY's David Jackson, Kathy Kiely and Jill Lawrence asked the top remaining presidential campaigns about both issues. Here are the presidential candidates' responses to questions on performance-enhancing drugs and Title IX (Answers are presented in alphabetical order.):
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2. Title IX has been an important factor in expanding athletic participation for girls and women. What do you think of the way the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights has enforced the law under the Bush administration? Would your administration enforce Title IX differently? And if so, in what ways?
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McCain: In 1972, when Title IX was enacted, women were at a great disadvantage in many facets of our society. The law was designed to provide girls and women with equal opportunities in both academics and athletics through a balanced combination of access and funding. The relevant portion of the law reads, "no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
However, the U.S. Department of Education under President Clinton took liberties in interpreting the law and without debate determined that universities must fund men's and women's sports programs in proportion to the ratio of male to female students, or else lose federal funding for any part of the university including financial aid. In doing so, the adverse consequence of this interpretation unfortunately has been that many schools have adopted policies of strictly equal funding for male and female athletic programs. Unfortunately, many popular athletic programs have been cut because the overall amount of funding available for athletics programs will not sustain identical men's and women's programs in every sport.In 1972, women were disadvantaged in many facets of our society. In that year, Title IX was passed to provide equal opportunities for women in both academics and athletics through a balanced combination of access and funding. The positive effects of the law are indisputable, and
John McCain supports the law's intent of providing equal opportunities to all students in a manner that does not unfairly penalize or limit opportunities for any students.John McCain will bring people to work together to find ways to help make Title IX accomplish its original intent without causing the elimination of athletic programs.
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