....I see religion as "one" consequence of spirituality (although I hope not the only one). But we have found that religions have persisted for all of recorded history, and that there is evidence that spiritual beliefs existed in most of prehistory as well (prehistoric burial sites where totems and other spirtual relics have been found).
So if one looks at prehistoric spirituality based loosely upon individual and small group beliefs, and compare it with today's ritualized and formal religious institutions, then I suppose one could say that this is a form of "evolution" as well. But whether it is a true evolution or simply a 2000 to 4000 year-old tangent is hard to say at this juncture. It is a very twisted and warped one nonetheless, in my opinion.
It could also be said that hierachical leadership in early prehistoric tribes, and the rise of the state as a precursor to civilization, is the twin of spirituality and later religion. And that one can hardly exist without the other. This dependency still persists as we can well see, and in recent years has made a resurgence. A terrible resurgence.
One can hope that what we see today, is religion in its "death throes," refusing once and for all to bow down and succumb to rationality and science. But history is also replete with evidence of institutional religion's attempts to stifle science and rational thought. And as rationality would not be denied, religion has acquiesed. Albeit grudgingly.
An interesting article was published earlier this year to show how irrational thoughts and beliefs can effect anyone -- even the rational among us.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/religion/Story/0,,1864753,00.html">Humans 'Hardwired For Religion'
James Randerson
Monday September 4, 2006
Guardian Unlimited
The battle by scientists against "irrational" beliefs such as creationism is ultimately futile, a leading experimental psychologist said today.The work of Bruce Hood, a professor at Bristol University, suggests that magical and supernatural beliefs are hardwired into our brains from birth, and that religions are therefore tapping into a powerful psychological force.
"I think it is pointless to think that we can get people to abandon their belief systems because they are operating at such a fundamental level," said Prof Hood. "No amount of rational evidence is going to be taken on board to get people to abandon those ideas."
He told the annual British Association Festival of Science in Norwich that the standard bearers for evolution, such as the biologist Richard Dawkins and the philosopher Daniel Dennet, had adopted a counterproductive and "simplistic" position.
"They have basically said there are two types of people in the world," he said - "those who believe in the supernatural and those who do not. But almost everyone entertains some form of irrational beliefs even if they are not religious.
"For example, many people would be reluctant to part with a wedding ring for an identical ring because of the personal significance it holds. Conversely, many people are disgusted by an object if it has associations with 'evil'."
In his lectures, Prof Hood produces a rather boring-looking blue cardigan with large brown buttons and invites people in the audience to put it on, for a £10 reward. As you may expect, there is invariably a sea of raised hands. He then reveals that the notorious murderer Fred West wore the cardigan. Nearly everyone puts their hand down.
Unfortunately, it is just a stunt: the cardigan is not West's. But it illustrates the way even the most rational of people are can be irrationally made to feel uncomfortable.
Another experiment involves asking subjects to cut up a photograph. When his team then measures their galvanic skin response - ie sweat production, which is what lie-detector tests monitors - there is a jump in the reading. This does not occur when a person destroys an object of less sentimental significance.
So it would appear that our only hope lies in our continued evolution as a species to the point where the overwhleming evidence of the flaws in religious belief become so unteneable as to no longer be able hold onto them. The question is, can we survive long enough without killing ourselves from the fruits of the other aspects of our evolution, such as pollution, racism, guns, sexism, bombs, classism, the Patriarchy, etc., etc.
It doesn't look good.....
Merry ChristmaHanuKwanzakah and FSM Day!!!