These are the subgroups of extant members of Eutheria (placental mammals):
Boreoeutheria, e.g. badgers, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, dolphins
Euarchontoglires, e.g. humans, monkeys, rats, hares
Laurasiatheria, e.g. cattle, whales, bats, cats
Atlantogenata, e.g. sloths, hyraxes, aardvarks, tenrecs, armadillos, anteaters
Xenarthra, e.g. armadillos, anteaters
Afrotheria, e.g. elephants, manatees
read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EutheriaNB: flying foxes and other bats are no closer to us than cats or dogs.
Here is a more detailed breakdown of Boreoeutheria, which contains all the animals you mentioned:
MAGNORDER BOREOEUTHERIASuperorder Euarchontoglires (Supraprimates)Grandorder Euarchonta
Order Scandentia: treeshrews (Southeast Asia)
Order Dermoptera: flying lemurs or colugos (Southeast Asia)
Order Primates: lemurs, bushbabies, monkeys, humans and other apes (cosmopolitan)
Grandorder Glires
Order Lagomorpha: pikas, rabbits, hares (Eurasia, Africa, Americas)
Order Rodentia: rodents (cosmopolitan)
Superorder LaurasiatheriaOrder Erinaceomorpha: hedgehogs and gymnures (Eurasia, Africa, extinct in North America)
Order Soricomorpha: moles, shrews, solenodons (Eurasia, Africa, North America, northern South America)
Order Cetacea: whales, dolphins and porpoises (cosmopolitan in seas)
Order Artiodactyla: even-toed ungulates, including pigs, hippopotamus, camels, giraffe, deer, antelope, cattle, sheep, goats (cosmopolitan)
Order Chiroptera: bats (cosmopolitan)
Order Perissodactyla: odd-toed ungulates, including horses, donkeys, zebras, tapirs, and rhinoceroses (cosmopolitan)
Order Pholidota: pangolins or scaly anteaters (Africa, South and Southeast Asia)
Order Carnivora: cats, dogs, seals, weasels, bears, whales (cosmopolitan)
read more:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boreoeutheriaand
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivora