Two esteemed brain scientists, Gary Lynch and Richard Granger, in their new book, "Big Brain," call the top-of-the-tree paradigm "species chauvinism." "We often," they write, "fall into a fallacy of thinking - an almost irresistible fallacy - imagining that a feature or characteristic that we possess must have been carefully built that way, just for us."
In "Big Brain," the authors reintroduce the Boskops: an extinct, controversial, 10,000-year-old African hominid that possessed a brain about 30 percent larger than ours is now. The Boskops had little frames and massive heads, and their mere presence in the fossil record throws the idea of unidirectional evolutionary progress into question.
Were the Boskops more intelligent than we are now? More capable? If they were, why did they die out? Lynch and Granger offer up several theories. Ultimately they conclude that the Boksops "would far exceed contemporary people in at least some mental capacities."
http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2008/03/16/all_creatures_great_and_overrated/The Extinct Human Species That Was Smarter Than Us
The superintelligent Boskops had small, childlike faces and huge melon heads.
by Jane Bosveld
Big Brain: The Origins and Future of Human Intelligence by Gary Lynch and Richard Granger (Palgrave Macmillan, $26.95)
“Sometimes I think my head is so big because it is so full of dreams,” says John Merrick in the play The Elephant Man. He might have been speaking for the Boskops, an almost forgotten group of early humans who lived in southern Africa between 30,000 and 10,000 years ago. Judging from fossil remains, scientists say the Boskops were similar to modern humans but had small, childlike faces and huge melon heads that held brains about 30 percent larger than our own.
http://discovermagazine.com/2008/mar/21-the-extinct-human-species-that-was-smarter-than-us----------------------------------------------------------------------------
I didn't know of this discover which I find interesting.
Actually, I think, they didn't die out, they are the grays, you know the ones doing the alien probes