importance of the underlying case!
If Gonzales wins argument, this statute will have a set precedent.
I did not know until I checked it out.
This is from the redacted ACLU complaint:
STATUTORY LANGUAGE AT ISSUE
1 1. In its current form, as amended by the Patriot Act, Section 2709 authorizes the
FBI to issue NSLs ordering "electronic communication service providers" (ECSPs) to disclose
"subscriber information," "toll billing records information," and "electronic communication
transactional records" upon a certification that the information sought is "relevant to an
authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence
activities." Pub. L. 107-56, Title V, 9 505(a), 115 Stat. 365 (Oct. 26,2001) (codified as 18
U.S.C. 9 2709).
12. An "electronic communication service" is "any service which provides to users
thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications." Id. 5 25 lO(15).
13. Section 2709 does not require the FBI to meet a probable cause or individualized
suspicion requirement of any kind before issuing an NSL.
14. Section 2709 does not require the FBI to obtain judicial authorization before
issuing an NSL.
15. Section 2709 does not specify any means by which the recipient of an NSL can
challenge the letter's validity,
16, Section 2709 does not require the FBt to provide prior, contemporaneous, or postdeprivation
notice to & individual whose information is demanded pursuant to an NSL served on
a third party, even if the information i.s. .c. onstitutionally protected.
^.-
17. Section 2709 includes a' gag provision that prohibits a person served with an NSL
from disclosing to any other person that the FBIhas sought or obtained records. See 18 U.S.C.
5 2709(c) ("No wire or electronic communication service provider, or officer, employee, or agent
thereof, shall disclose to any person that the
has sought or obtained access to information
or records under this section.").
18. The gag provision, which on its face prohibits even consultation with counsel,
applies in every case, whether or not the government can demonstrate a need for secrecy. See id.
19. The gag provision is indefinite and persists even after any legitimate need for
secrecy has expired. See id.
20. Section 2709 is part of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA),
which Congress enacted in 1986. See Pub. L. 99-508, Title 11, 9 201, 100 Stat. 1867 (Oct.21,
1986) (codified as 18 U.S.C. 25 10, et seq.).
21. As originally enacted, Section 2709 could be used only against people suspected ,
of espionage. The original provision permitted the FBI to issue an NSL only if it could certify
that (i) the information sought was relevant to an authorized foreign cxiunterintelligence
investigation; and (ii) there were specific and articulable facts giving reason to believe that the
subject of the NSL was a foreign power or foreign agent. See 18 U.S.C. Â 2709 (1 988).
22. In 1993, Congress relaxed the individualized suspicion requirement. It authorized
the FBI to issue an NSL if it could certify that (i) the information sought was relevant to an
authorized foreign counterintelligence investigation; and (ii) there were specific and articulable
facts giving reason to believe that either (a) the subject of the NSL was a foreign power or
foreign agent, or (b) the subject had communicated with a person engaged in international
%.
1 terrorism or with a foreign agent or power "under circumstances giving reason to believe that the
communication concerned international terrorism." See Pub. L. 103-142, 107 Stat. 1491 (Nov.
. 17, 1993).
23. In adopting the 1993 amendments, Congress recognized that "the national
security letter is an extraordinary device," as it is "required for compulsory process." See H.Rep. 103-46 (Mar. 29, 1993).
24. In 2001, through the Patriot Act, Congress further expanded Section 2709 by
' deleting the individualized suspicion requirement altogether. See Pub. L. 107-56, Title V,
505(a), 11 5 Stat. 365 (Oct. 26,2001).
25. As a result of the Patriot Act, the FBI may now use NSLs to obtain sensitive
information about innocent individuals who have no connection to espionage or terrorism. See 18 U.S.C. 9 2709(b).