Here's a link to the article on the nuclear option:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_option_(filibuster)
The article is quite long and comprehensive, and is worth a read. But as I realize everyone is really busy, and really tired, I'll post a few relevant highlights of the wiki article here.
First, poll results on the issue appear to be contradictory:Republican pollster Ayres, McHenry and Associates found that 82 percent of registered voters believe that "well-qualified" nominees should receive an up or down vote.<35> An Associated Press-Ipsos poll released May 20, 2005, found 78 percent of Americans believe the Senate should take an "assertive role" examining judicial nominees rather than just give the president the benefit of the doubt.<36> Democratic pollster Westhill Partners found that only 30 percent of Americans approve changing "the rules to require only 51 votes to end a filibuster — thereby eliminating the current system of checks and balances on the majority party." <37>
And here's where the support for the nuclear option is coming from:Pat Robertson, founder of Christian Coalition of America and several other prominent Christian conservatives have endorsed the nuclear option as a necessary means of getting conservative judges onto the bench. In a May 1, 2005 interview on ABC's 'This Week with George Stephanopoulos', Pat Robertson said that Democratic judges are a greater threat to U.S. unity and stability than Al Qaeda, Nazi Germany or Civil War. <39> On Sunday, April 25, 2005, Family Research Council sponsored "Justice Sunday" featuring Bill Frist - a 90-minute simulcast over Christian radio and television networks enthusiastically supporting the nuclear option.<40> <41> In January 2005, Dr. James C. Dobson, head of the Focus on the Family, threatened six Democratic senators if they block conservative nominees. <42> On May 24, 2005, after the compromise negotiated between 14 Senators was announced, Dobson, said the agreement "represents a complete bailout and a betrayal by a cabal of Republicans and a great victory for united Democrats." <43>
And here's evidence of Senator Frist's hypocrisy: opponents of the nuclear option point to Senator Bill Frist's vote to filibuster Paez in 2000 as evidence that Frist does in fact support the idea of a 60-vote threshold when it suits him. When a vote for cloture on the confirmation of Paez was called, 14 Senators voted to continue the filibuster, including Frist.<58>
But this is not so positive:The nuclear option has been used in the past, notably by Robert Byrd in 1977, 1979, 1980, and 1987 when he was Democratic majority leader.
Republicans in general have supported the filibuster in the past:Republicans were staunch supporters of the filibuster when they were a minority party and frequently employed it to block legislation. Republicans continue to support the filibuster for general legislation--the current Republican leadership insists the proposed rule change only affect judicial nominations. According to the Democrats, arguments that a simple majority should prevail apply equally well to all votes where the Constitution does not specify a three-fifths majority. Republicans state that there is a difference between the filibustering of legislation -- which affects only the Senate's own constitutional prerogative to consider new laws -- and the filibustering of a President's judicial or executive nominees, which arguably impinges on the constitutional powers of the Executive branch.
This raises questions that as yet have not been discussed:The legality of the nuclear option has been challenged. The Senate parliamentarian, Alan Frumin, was appointed by Senator Lott. Furmin is an ostensibly neutral staff member and appointed keeper of the Senate's rules, and is opposed to the nuclear option.<2> It's been reported that a Congressional Research Service report "leaves little doubt" that the nuclear option would not be based on previous precedents of the Senate.<3>
It appears that Bush's nomination of Alito has already violated the terms of the Gang of 14 agreement to stop the nuclear option:The agreement to stave off the "nuclear option" reached by 14 moderate Senators supports a strong interpretation of Advice and Consent from the Constitution. <82> (pdf):
We believe that, under Article II, Section 2, of the United States Constitution, the word "Advice" speaks to consultation between the Senate and the President with regard to the use of the president's power to make nominations. We encourage the Executive branch of government to consult with members of the Senate, both Democratic and Republican, prior to submitting a judicial nomination to the Senate for consideration.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_option_(filibuster)
The wiki on the nuclear option also offers external links to a several sites and fact sheets (if you need more info than the extensive wiki article!), both pro and con.
Here is some info of interest from PFAW's page on the nuclear option:...staunch nuclear option proponents like Senators Hatch and Frist have their own histories to explain.
In 1994, when some Republicans were opposing a cloture vote on a judicial nomination, Hatch defended the minority’s right to filibuster, declaring that the filibuster is “one of the few tools the minority has to protect itself and those the minority represents.”
More recently Senator Frist voted to support a Republican filibuster of a Clinton appellate nominee, Richard Paez, and even voted for a motion to postpone consideration of the nomination after cloture had been invoked – an exceedingly rare tactic used to avoid a final vote.
Senator Howard Baker Jr. (R-TN), stated during the successful filibuster waged against Abe Fortas (which he supported): "On any issue the majority at any given moment is not always right."
http://www.pfaw.org/pfaw/general/default.aspx?oid=18350