In 1906, the mine's US owners paid a lower salary to Mexican miners than they paid to white supervisors brought down from the north. Cananea miners went on strike, demanding 5 pesos for an 8-hour day, and an end to the lower Mexican wage. After they were attacked by Arizona vigilantes, workers took up arms and were bloodily put down by then-dictator Porfirio Diaz.
In Mexican public schools, children learn of Cananea as the opening gun of what became the Mexican Revolution (which officially began in 1910), much as U.S. children learn of the 1776 battle at Lexington and Concord.
The 1906 battle not only heralded revolution to come, but was the first strike organized on both sides of the border, by the first real cross-border activists. The strike's organizers, the Flores Magon brothers, plotted the Cananea uprising in the communities of Mexican railroad workers in East Los Angeles and St. Louis.
The Flores Magon brothers were supporters of the Industrial Workers of the World, the early U.S. industrial union of southwestern miners and farmworkers, organized by political radicals. After the strike, the brothers spent years on the run, not only from Diaz' federales, but from U.S. authorities. They were eventually sent to Leavenworth, where Ricardo Flores Magon died.
http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=694