Works councils have informative and advisory rights regarding aspects of a company's internal policies and organization. Specifically, they can negotiate rules pertaining to organizational and social issues, and must be consulted regarding certain personnel decisions.
The employer and works council can negotiate rules on matters such as:
* Working hours
* Vacation schedules
* Grievances
* Safety issues
* Welfare
* Social facilities
* Company wage structures
In personnel issues, the works council must have the chance to voice its opinion prior to every dismissal in order for the dismissal to become effective. However, approval of the works council is not required.
In companies with more than 20 employees, however, works council approval is required for:
* Hiring
* Pay scale grouping
* Transfers within the company
The works council can only refuse approval within one week of a decision and for certain legal reasons only. If the employer and works council are unable to reach an agreement, a decision is made by an arbitration board.
http://www.invest-in-germany.com/homepage/investment-guide-to-germany/employees-and-social-security/co-determination-through-worker-participation/The representation of workers in the highest organs of a company is a common feature not
only in many of the former EU-15 countries but also in the majority of the new member
states. The right to nominate representatives to the board of directors or to the supervisory board currently exists – to differing degrees – in 18 of the 25 EU member states and in Norway. Of the ten countries which joined the EU in 2004, worker board-level representation is known in seven countries. In the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia these rights are widespread in the sense that they exist in both private and stateowned companies, whereas in Malta and Poland the experience of board-level representation is limited to state-owned or privatised companies.
Via their representatives on the company’s board, workers gain timely access to information and influence at the place where company decisions of strategic importance are taken or endorsed. This representation at board level may thereby be one additional means of ensuring that the interests of the workforce are respected, for example during restructuring processes.
. . . .
http://www.seeurope-network.org/homepages/seeurope/file_uploads/presens_reports_blr_in_nms.pdfMcDonalds has tried to avoid the worker representation requirement:
This paper presents the findings from a larger study of labor relations in the European fast-food industry. Its focus is the labor relations practices of the McDonald's Corporation in seven European Union countries: Germany, Austria, Denmark, France, Spain, the Netherlands, and Italy. Each of these countries has well-established national statutory mechanisms for employee representation, usually through some form of statutory works council and/or employee or union representative. The findings suggest that despite the fairly stringent nature of most of these national systems, the McDonald's Corporation has, to varying extents, been able to find loopholes in national law and avoid or undermine most of these national systems. This has created a considerable number of long-term and continuing conflicts with trade unions and in many cases, has denied employees' their legal rights to independent representation. These practices have also had negative consequences for employees' pay and conditions of employment. In broader terms, the findings also suggest that the existing national European systems mostly established in the 1950s are not adequate for the task of dealing with the more "modern" form of employment found in this sector.
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=365360