At the heart of GOP's efforts to hold the entire economy hostage over tax cuts to the rich is Grover Norquist who pioneered astroturfing with Ralph Reed and Jack Abramoff. He is a paid hack who is worshipped as a god by the House GOP. Yet, with the Citizens United decision, unelected people like him have grown in influence and stature, or in his case, girth. He can play with the economy because he is not elected, thus he is not really accountable, except to his corporate clients who pay him to generate grass roots support for the billions in tax breaks that they benefit from.
http://articles.cnn.com/2011-07-14/politics/norquist.pledge_1_grover-norquist-pledge-americans-for-tax-reform?_s=PM:POLITICS
At the heart of the contentious talks between the White House and congressional Republicans on whether to raise the debt ceiling is a simple, one-sentence document many conservative lawmakers have signed, pledging not to increase taxes. Ever.
"I _____ pledge to the taxpayers of the state of _____ and all the people of this state, that I will oppose and vote against all efforts to increase taxes," reads the version of the pledge signed by Republican lawmakers.
The driving force behind that pledge -- and perhaps the most powerful man in Washington that you've never heard about -- is a bearded, unassuming conservative activist who has never been elected to a public office. Grover Norquist, president and founder of Americans for Tax Reform, is both respected and feared in the inner circles of Washington.
He has worked under Ronald Reagan, is close friends with Karl Rove and has been connected to scandals involving onetime Christian Coalition chief Ralph Reed and convicted lobbyist Jack Abramoff.