But it was a profitable business until it moved out of the country. Also a couple of serious droughts made it more difficult.
Many farmed fish operations are very intensive, polluting and often contaminated. Small catfish operations around here used to not seem to be all that bad. There are several places we used to drive by regularly that were just acres of small ponds with catfish in them.
Here is one fairly recent article about farmed catfish that covers many of the points, good and bad, for farmed fish, though not the full story:
What’s the dish on farm-raised catfish?7 Aug 2009
<SNIP>
Cons:
Most of the catfish eaten in the United States is imported, and unless you specifically ask for "U.S. Farm-Raised Catfish," or see the official seal, you might be getting Asian-farmed catfish. FYI on the name game: Vietnamese pangasius (tra or basa), is a different species of catfish than the kind grown here (channel catfish), and cannot be called catfish in the American market. Because the Chinese now farm the same variety of catfish as we do, it will be labeled catfish. So, look for "Product of China" on fish labels--and avoid it! This is potentially very bad stuff. Beware also of any white fish that cannot be linked to a source. Beware of the generic term "fish."
• Many of the problems with farmed salmon identified in Tom's post apply to catfish farmed in Asia. Catfish from there is often contaminated with carcinogens such as malachite green, illegal antibiotics or salmonella In Alabama, state scientists have found banned antibiotics in catfish from China. The FDA is responsible for ensuring the safety of foreign-farmed fish. It has been notoriously lax at doing so. (Luckily, American catfish are sustainably farmed. I'll get to that soon.)
<SNIP>
Pros:
Safety standards for U.S.-grown catfish are high and catfish farmers are pushing for ever more rigorous regulation. By contrast, there are currently no international safety standards for fish, hence the nasty stuff sometimes found in Asian imports. And few imports are inspected. (See my admonition above to read the label!)
<SNIP>
• Unlike farmed salmon, catfish farmed here are freshwater fish and therefore raised in self-contained inland ponds, which means they are not very likely to escape into the sea and overtake other fish populations. These self contained pens also pose little risk to the surrounding environment (unlike open-ocean pens used for salmon). This is why green groups such as the National Audubon Society, Monterey Bay Aquarium, and Environmental Defense endorse U.S. catfish as a safe environmental choice.
More:
http://www.grist.org/article/2009-08-07-farm-raised-catfish Heck, one local seafood restaurant used to have a catfish pond out front. They sometimes let people fish out of the pond and then would clean and cook the fish for them.