The Great Global Freakout of 2011Imagining the worst-case scenario if the United States even comes close to defaulting on its debt.
By Annie Lowrey - Slate
Posted Thursday, April 21, 2011, at 6:00 PM ET
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On July 6, 2011, a faint buzzing from your bedside table awakes you at 3 a.m. You ignore it. At 3:02, your Blackberry still vibrating, your iPhone, which you use for personal email and calls, starts in with the same high-frequency drone. At 3:03, your home phone starts ringing.
You're a principal at a small, New York-based financial firm. The sudden cacophony means the worst has happened. In mid-May, the United States hit the debt ceiling: Because Congress failed to increase the debt limit, the Treasury Department could no longer issue new bonds to finance the United States' deficit spending and to pay the interest on its existing debt. For a few weeks, Treasury and the White House were able to move money from one pocket to another to keep the country running smoothly. But the congressional bickering never abated, with Republicans insisting on the passage of huge, immediate spending cuts and a balanced budget amendment, and Democrats refusing to consider either—and certainly not to tie them to the debate over the $14.3 trillion ceiling.
Uncertainty hit the bond market, though not as hard as some expected: For a few weeks and for the most part, investors shrugged it off. But as the intransigence got worse and investors became more spooked, they started selling off Treasury bonds. Financial firms also quietly started converting investments into cash, seeking the absolute and unconditional safety that only dollars provide. The stock market slumped.
Weeks into the impasse, some Social Security payments stopped going out, causing American citizens to scream bloody murder. They barely noticed when, just before midnight on July 5, Treasury said it would start missing scheduled coupon payments on some bonds. Wall Street didn't miss the announcement, though—hence your 3 a.m. wakeup call. The United States, to the shock and horror of investors around the world, sat on the brink of default. The world's safest investment became the world's most uncertain, tipping the markets into chaos...
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