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JaneyVee

(19,877 posts)
Fri May 3, 2013, 12:34 PM May 2013

Everything you need to know about the billions of cicadas that are about to swarm the East Coast.

But climate change may mean it's the last time



Cicadas have black bodies, blood-red eyes and legs, delicately veined gossamer wings and oddly ridged faces that resemble the Klingons from “Star Trek.” Entomologist Cole Gilbert finds them “amazing.” And after listening to him discourse about the species over lunch late last month, I think I understand why. Cicadas (Magicicada septendecim)– like many of the species Gilbert studies– are just plain weird.

The Pilgrims called cicadas “17 year locusts,” because some of them survive for that long underground, sucking the sap from roots, between periodic emergences in epic swarms. Locusts are in the grasshopper family, however and cicadas are garish relatives of spittle bugs and crickets. Beyond that we know precious little about cicadas’ mysterious lives under the earth. And we don’t understand why they wait 17 years between appearances (for some subgroups it’s 13 years, and there are also annuals.) Why 17? Why 13? We also don’t have a clue how these brainless arthropods manage to keep track of the passing years. And how exactly do cicada nymphs know when to all come wiggling out of the soil on cue, emerging within hours of one another after spending over a decade interred?

Most of all, we don’t know why cicadas are diminishing in numbers, their ranges shrinking in many parts of the eastern U.S., or why some historical groups have already become extinct. One thing that scientists are going to do in the weeks ahead, as the huge group, known as Brood 2, emerges from its subterranean haunts from North Carolina to western Massachusetts, is chart the precise location of populations, especially along the fringes of their range. “We need such fine scale mapping,” Cole Gilbert said, “to more directly understand the causes of shrinking distribution.”

How many cicadas are going to come out? Nobody knows for sure. “Billions, maybe more,” Gilbert says. Entomologists have counted as many as a million cicadas per acre during the peak of previous swarms. Emerging in such astronomical numbers may protect individual cicadas from predators– there is just so much that a bird can eat.


The rest: http://www.salon.com/2013/05/03/cicadas_prepare_to_invade_by_the_billions/
-------------------------------------------

I've always had a slight fear of these since I was a child when one dive-bombed me & got caught in my hair. I was probably about 7yrs old and I tried taking it out of my hair and it was freaking out and buzzing loudly. Nightmares.
62 replies = new reply since forum marked as read
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Everything you need to know about the billions of cicadas that are about to swarm the East Coast. (Original Post) JaneyVee May 2013 OP
Fascinating insects, in very many ways. MineralMan May 2013 #1
These might pop up pretty thickly in my area sharp_stick May 2013 #2
My favorite insect. redqueen May 2013 #3
Same here Tree-Hugger May 2013 #29
I'm glad I live among the annuals. tosh May 2013 #4
We also don’t have a clue how these brainless arthropods manage to keep track of the passing years. dixiegrrrrl May 2013 #5
'Brainless', huh? We just haven't been introduced to their leader, yet. randome May 2013 #6
Their leader is Mitch McConnell? Ikonoklast May 2013 #20
LOL! Insect-like philosophies and all! randome May 2013 #34
As a birder who visits Central America, I hate these things with a passion. geek tragedy May 2013 #7
I've got that sound in my ears 24/7/365 IDemo May 2013 #8
Gosh, Delphinus May 2013 #10
Did you know that the cicada sound is one possible manifestation of tinnitus? redqueen May 2013 #12
Truthfully, mine is more of a high-pitched squeal IDemo May 2013 #17
That's bad... redqueen May 2013 #26
I have cicadas in one hear, and ringing in the other. alfredo May 2013 #57
Tell me about it madokie May 2013 #15
Oh boy....I have tinitus too. Jazzgirl May 2013 #27
When I first noticed it (early nineties), I thought I was losing it. Buns_of_Fire May 2013 #28
Here, too Tree-Hugger May 2013 #30
Um, guys and gals? Have any of you checked to see if there are ACTUAL cicadas in your ears? randome May 2013 #36
lol! Sissyk May 2013 #37
Me, too. silverweb May 2013 #42
Same here. SheilaT May 2013 #44
Same here, bilateral tinnitus from my army years. alfredo May 2013 #52
If you were in the military and exposed to loud noises, and are suffering alfredo May 2013 #55
Aw, they don't do a cycle of quiet and then calling? redqueen May 2013 #11
Nope. Goes on for hours at a time. Start usually around 8:00 in the morning geek tragedy May 2013 #14
wow that's a great bird call flamingdem May 2013 #18
Wound up seeing (with photos and video) that fellow geek tragedy May 2013 #21
Well the poor things only have less than a month to get all their business done. redqueen May 2013 #22
If he was nesting, good source of protein for the babies. geek tragedy May 2013 #23
birds love them, on the other hand.... mike_c May 2013 #41
true that. nt geek tragedy May 2013 #43
17 is a prime number with no other factors. longship May 2013 #9
This is now officially my favorite thread today. nt redqueen May 2013 #13
So do I and I love the sound of cicadas. Nice background noise. freshwest May 2013 #31
I too miss the coo of the mourning dove... alterfurz May 2013 #33
I like that graphic, too. Thanks for bringing it here. *steals for later use* freshwest May 2013 #38
aw they're cute! flamingdem May 2013 #16
Oh yeah! bring em on... marions ghost May 2013 #19
Here's how to deal with this problem IDemo May 2013 #24
Sorry they freaked you out!! Sissyk May 2013 #25
1 in 4 are equipped with stinger missiles and will hunt small kids and animals. Liberal Veteran May 2013 #32
On behalf of their corporate overlords IDemo May 2013 #35
Can we lure those types to Texas somehow? randome May 2013 #47
We had those last year. ohheckyeah May 2013 #39
Yes, we had the 13s here in phylny May 2013 #61
Yes, it was freaky loud and they were all over the place, but just in this small area. n/t ohheckyeah May 2013 #62
some entomological literacy fail in that article.... mike_c May 2013 #40
glad to hear there are annual types mitchtv May 2013 #45
Correct ... this is Magicicada MichaelSoE May 2013 #60
important question is can you eat them and how do they taste loli phabay May 2013 #46
yes, depends on howthey're prepared... mike_c May 2013 #49
the satay looks real good, might have to give it a go and look up some recipes loli phabay May 2013 #50
My favorite thing about the cicadas Animal Chin May 2013 #48
if I'm not mistaken, that's the largest North American sphecid wasp.... mike_c May 2013 #51
At least tell us they die in each other's arms...er, legs, I mean, right? randome May 2013 #53
I had one in my yard last year too! angel823 May 2013 #59
Good article, but..... AverageJoe90 May 2013 #54
I learned all I needed to know in 1st grade maxsolomon May 2013 #56
I like the sound Tien1985 May 2013 #58

sharp_stick

(14,400 posts)
2. These might pop up pretty thickly in my area
Fri May 3, 2013, 12:40 PM
May 2013

I've never experienced a cicada swarm before, it could be an interesting few weeks trying to convince my bug terrified daughter that they won't hurt her.

dixiegrrrrl

(60,010 posts)
5. We also don’t have a clue how these brainless arthropods manage to keep track of the passing years.
Fri May 3, 2013, 12:43 PM
May 2013

"brainless"????
Are they really "brainless"?

that is an off putting sentence.

 

geek tragedy

(68,868 posts)
7. As a birder who visits Central America, I hate these things with a passion.
Fri May 3, 2013, 12:46 PM
May 2013

Once they get going, you can't hear a damn thing. Just deafening. All day.

redqueen

(115,103 posts)
12. Did you know that the cicada sound is one possible manifestation of tinnitus?
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:05 PM
May 2013

I had that temporarily one time. Thought I was losing it.

I also have the ringing. Sadly, that one isn't temporary. Damn rock concerts.

IDemo

(16,926 posts)
17. Truthfully, mine is more of a high-pitched squeal
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:14 PM
May 2013

Think of the mike squeals you doubtlessly heard at more than one concert, only at much higher frequency.

redqueen

(115,103 posts)
26. That's bad...
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:23 PM
May 2013

hope it's not too loud. Mine is like the high frequency hum of the transformer in a tv.

Jazzgirl

(3,744 posts)
27. Oh boy....I have tinitus too.
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:28 PM
May 2013

So the swarming wouldn't bother me (if I even heard it). Sometimes the swarming in my ears gets so loud it sounds like a train. It has actually awakened me in the middle of the night.

Buns_of_Fire

(17,175 posts)
28. When I first noticed it (early nineties), I thought I was losing it.
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:34 PM
May 2013

I thought it was cicadas, too. I kept asking people, "Do you hear that?" Every time they'd reply "Hear what?" I figured it was all over and I was descending into insanity.

Finally, I realized it was tinnitus (or brain-eating cicadas, take your pick), and it's been with me ever since. Too many years of standing in front of an amplifier and/or listening to mind-rotting rock 'n' roll music played at earbleed volume, I guess.

After a couple of years, I got used to it. Now, if it went away, I don't know how I'd handle the silence.

 

randome

(34,845 posts)
36. Um, guys and gals? Have any of you checked to see if there are ACTUAL cicadas in your ears?
Fri May 3, 2013, 02:14 PM
May 2013

It's at least a possibility, right?

silverweb

(16,402 posts)
42. Me, too.
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:02 PM
May 2013

[font color="navy" face="Verdana"]For many years now.

I've learned to live with it and it's only done relatively minor damage to my hearing in certain pitch ranges, but I thought I was losing my mind the first few years.

 

SheilaT

(23,156 posts)
44. Same here.
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:12 PM
May 2013

For those of you who don't have tinnitus, just go somewhere that has lots of cicadas.

alfredo

(60,071 posts)
55. If you were in the military and exposed to loud noises, and are suffering
Fri May 3, 2013, 04:06 PM
May 2013

tinnitus and/or hearing loss, head down to the VA. It helps if you have buddies in the same unit/MOS who also have the same symptoms who are willing to write about their struggles with the same issues.

I am now receiving a small payment each month in compensation for my injury.


I was a morse intercept operator and was exposed to loud noises 8-16 hours a day for 3 years, not counting the year in school.

redqueen

(115,103 posts)
11. Aw, they don't do a cycle of quiet and then calling?
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:00 PM
May 2013

I love that noise, but if it was just steady instead of waxing and waning it would just be annoying.

 

geek tragedy

(68,868 posts)
14. Nope. Goes on for hours at a time. Start usually around 8:00 in the morning
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:11 PM
May 2013

continuing until about 4:00 in the afternoon. Very brief respites.

What happens is that some get activated by sunlight hitting them, they go off, and then the entire forest goes off.

Too much of a good thing can be a really bad thing.

We once lost a chance to spot on the coolest birds in Central America (see below) because the cicadas made it impossible to determine where his song was coming from

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-wattled_Bellbird

 

geek tragedy

(68,868 posts)
21. Wound up seeing (with photos and video) that fellow
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:17 PM
May 2013

a couple years later.

Otherwise there would have been some real angst.

redqueen

(115,103 posts)
22. Well the poor things only have less than a month to get all their business done.
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:17 PM
May 2013

Sorry about the missed Bellbird sighting. I wonder if it was feasting on the noisy things.

 

geek tragedy

(68,868 posts)
23. If he was nesting, good source of protein for the babies.
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:18 PM
May 2013

But that's a big bug for a bird to eat.

We did see one in 2011, so it's all good.

longship

(40,416 posts)
9. 17 is a prime number with no other factors.
Fri May 3, 2013, 12:55 PM
May 2013

So is 13, for the 13 year variety.

That means less competition because they only have to compete with those other 17 year cicadas. Or something to that effect...

Can't exactly remember how it works out, but that's the idea.

Maybe I should Google it...

freshwest

(53,661 posts)
31. So do I and I love the sound of cicadas. Nice background noise.
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:40 PM
May 2013


The only sound I miss more is the call of meadowlarks in the morning and mourning doves in the afternoon.

alterfurz

(2,474 posts)
33. I too miss the coo of the mourning dove...
Fri May 3, 2013, 02:11 PM
May 2013

...used to be so many here in the city, but our burgeoning urban hawk population has decimated and/or scared them off-?

Love your "love this thread" graphic!

freshwest

(53,661 posts)
38. I like that graphic, too. Thanks for bringing it here. *steals for later use*
Fri May 3, 2013, 02:43 PM
May 2013

And I think the hawks have eaten many, but it's habitat loss as well. Very little songbirds where I live now, just the sound of seagulls, crows and the occassional pigeon. Songbirds would be an easy meal since they're smaller. Glad you enjoyed the picture, I love seeing them in posts, if they're not the kind of ugly things that 'cannot be unseen.' Uff dah!



marions ghost

(19,841 posts)
19. Oh yeah! bring em on...
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:15 PM
May 2013

I think cicadas are wonderful! Get a lot of energy from these critters. LOVE em. The sound is a real buzz for the brain. Free and no side effects.

Talk about Ambient.

Sissyk

(12,665 posts)
25. Sorry they freaked you out!!
Fri May 3, 2013, 01:22 PM
May 2013

One of my favorite things in the spring and summertime is to sleep with the windows open to the sound of the annual cicadas.

HOWEVER (lol), the last thirteen year (I think it was) they would not shut up. Wouldn't stop. Constant 24 hour chirping. Worse than an earworm. You could hear them FROM IN THE HOUSE with the air on and the windows closed.

It was interesting driving down the interstate. It was like a black snow storm (lol)!. Hitting the windshield, air diving over the top. Sorta like running an obstacle course. When they started dying off, the inside shoulder of the interstate up against the parapet was FILLED with carcases.

Love the annuals though but I think I'm going out of town on a long vacation if they come to Tennessee. haha!

mike_c

(36,281 posts)
40. some entomological literacy fail in that article....
Fri May 3, 2013, 02:52 PM
May 2013

Just a sampling from the excerpt--

While cicadas ARE in the same suborder as spittle bugs, they are not related to crickets, which belong to the same order as grasshoppers, so it's ironic that the article takes pains to point out that cicadas are not locusts, then relates them to animals that are relatively closely related to locusts.

Why wait so long between brood emergences? It's not so much a question of nymphal duration as it is one of timing. All cicadas have long development times. One of the reasons is that they specialize in an exceedingly low quality nutritional resource-- xylem sap, which is mostly water-- in exchange for cryptic subterranean nymphal habitat, which conveys protection from predators. The main difference between annual and periodic broods is the synchrony of periodical brood emergence. In annual populations, some individuals complete their lengthy development every year and emerge as adults. In periodical populations, those lengthy nymphal development intervals are synchronized so that cohorts emerge during the same year. Places with periodical broods usually have "annual" broods as well, whose population cycles are out of synchrony with the periodical brood, so there are cicadas present every year-- their numbers just peak spectacularly during the periodical emergences.

Natural selection seems to favor both reproductive strategies. Annual populations foster constant pressure on resources, such as nymphal food and adult egg laying sites (adults feed relatively lightly during their short adult instar), fitting the year to year pressure on those resources more closely to their resource renewal rates. However, annual populations have lower overall adult density during any given summer, making mate location more difficult and increasing the per capita predation risk. Cicada's are juicy, rich prey items for other arthropods and for vertebrates such as birds and small mammals.

Periodical broods circumvent some of these problems by synchronizing adult emergence. That insures high population density, which increases mating success and overwhelms predator responses to increased prey density, lowering the per capita risk of predation even while predators satiate themselves on fat, juicy cicadas. The long nymphal development time between periodical brood emergences-- 13 year and 17 year cycles-- prevents predators from likewise synchronizing their life cycles with brood emergences, preventing them from "anticipating" regular bursts of cicada goodness. As someone mentioned up thread, 17 and 13 are prime numbers, so predators cannot synchronize with them across generations.

on edit-- the pic looks more like an annual Tibicen species than a periodical Magicacada species. Just guessing, though.

 

loli phabay

(5,580 posts)
46. important question is can you eat them and how do they taste
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:35 PM
May 2013

Could be a boon if theres billions of them.

mike_c

(36,281 posts)
49. yes, depends on howthey're prepared...
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:53 PM
May 2013

...but like all adult insects they're annoyingly crunchy, like that crunchy bit in popcorn that always sticks between your teeth. Chitin is the reason we peel shrimp. It's edible, although indigestible, but tough and chewy.

A plate of nymphs:




Cicada satay:

 

loli phabay

(5,580 posts)
50. the satay looks real good, might have to give it a go and look up some recipes
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:56 PM
May 2013

If there are billions of them it will be a shame to let them go to waste.

Animal Chin

(175 posts)
48. My favorite thing about the cicadas
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:49 PM
May 2013

Is that they bring the Cicada Killer Wasp:

[img][/img]

When we got a family of these things living in our front yard years ago, we all (me, wife, young kids) all got freaked out. They were huge, almost 2 inches long, and VERY aggressive. After researching them on the net, I found out they are actually totally harmless and very fascinating creatures.

A group usually consists of one Queen and several male drones. The Queen digs a burrow and the males protect it. What is interesting is that the main defense (and offense) of the males is that they are aggressive and look like "real" wasps. In reality, the males have no stingers! They will come at you like crazy and have you running back inside for your life. However, they are totally harmless. Eventually, I mustered the nerve to let one land on me, and soon even the kids were doing it.

The Queen meanwhile, has a stinger, although she is very unlikely to use it on anything other than a cicada. Her stinger has a poison (harmless to humans) that paralyzes the cicada. She hunts the cicada, stings it and carries it back to the burrow. This is truly a sight to see, as the cicada is often larger than the Queen.

[img][/img]

Once in the burrow (this is my favorite part), the Queen lays her eggs inside the paralyzed cicada. Then she and the drones go off to die. When the eggs hatch, their first meal is the paralyzed, still living cicada! EEEEWWW!! In the spring/summer, once the cicadas arrive, they emerge from the burrow and the cycle repeats.

Always one of the highlights of my summer!

mike_c

(36,281 posts)
51. if I'm not mistaken, that's the largest North American sphecid wasp....
Fri May 3, 2013, 03:56 PM
May 2013

Watching them attack and then carry adult cicadas is impressive!

 

randome

(34,845 posts)
53. At least tell us they die in each other's arms...er, legs, I mean, right?
Fri May 3, 2013, 04:01 PM
May 2013

Or is it just 'Okay, you got yours queen. See you on the other side.'

angel823

(409 posts)
59. I had one in my yard last year too!
Fri May 3, 2013, 04:50 PM
May 2013

We get the annual cicadas here (Texas), and when I was working in the yard last summer I saw the queen carrying a cicada - you are correct, it is very impressive.

I had to look it up - googled "cicada killer" and this lovely wasp came up. Nature is the coolest!

Angel in Texas

maxsolomon

(33,345 posts)
56. I learned all I needed to know in 1st grade
Fri May 3, 2013, 04:09 PM
May 2013

when one flew behind my glasses when I was at the top of a slide.

Now I live on the West Coast and have LASIK-corrected eyes.

It's not a coincidence.

Tien1985

(920 posts)
58. I like the sound
Fri May 3, 2013, 04:29 PM
May 2013

I grew up on Long Island in NY so they weren't much of a nuisance. The sound is the epitome of a lazy summer day for me.

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