NASA Announces 5 New Missions To Study Earth From Orbit In 2014
http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/01/23/3199111/nasa-missions-research-earth/
NASA Announces 5 New Missions To Study Earth From Orbit In 2014
By Joanna M. Foster on January 23, 2014 at 3:29 pm
This week, NASA celebrated ten years of its rover Opportunity looking for signs of life on Mars. And while the allure of that mysterious planet doesnt seem to have abated, scientists at the space agency are now turning a more critical eye down to a place where they already know theres life and hope to keep it that way Earth.
NASA announced on Wednesday that it has five missions planned for 2014 that are designed to collect much needed data on Earths vital signs, from the water cycle, to wind patterns and pollution. The missions consist of three satellites and two instruments that will join the massive floating laboratory that is the International Space Station.
In just over a month, the first of the satellite missions will launch from Japans space center. The satellite, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory is a joint mission with Japans Aerospace Exploration Agency and will collect detailed observations of global rain and snowfall patterns.
In July, the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)-2 will also be launched into Earths orbit. The 2″ is because the original satellite intended to gather this data, which made a launch attempt back in February 2009, failed to reach orbit and was destroyed as it fell back to Earth. Once safely up in orbit, OCO-2 will start collecting the most precise measurements of atmospheric CO2 ever made from space. The satellite will help characterize both artificial and natural sources and sinks at a regional scale, of the greenhouse gas.
The last of the satellites NASA has planned for launch in 2014 is the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission, which will monitor the water content in Earths soil. The high-resolution maps of soil moisture the collected data will produce will help researchers studying flooding and droughts as well as help predict area of high plant productivity an agricultural potential.
<snip>
Six more missions are ready to launch by the end of 2020, including satellites that help measure the dynamics of the polar ice sheets and measure human use of water in aquifers.