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Related: About this forumDid US Intelligence Help Pinochet's Junta Murder My Brother?
Did US Intelligence Help Pinochet's Junta Murder My Brother?
Forty years ago, Frank was abducted, tortured, and killed. How did the Chilean military know his address?
By Janis Teruggi Page
| Sat Sep. 21, 2013 3:36 AM PDT
On September 21, 1973, a 24-year-old U.S. citizen named Frank Teruggi Jr. was executed in the National Stadium in Santiago, Chile, one of the first of thousands of victims of General Augusto Pinochets murderous 17-year military dictatorship. In the wake of the U.S.-backed coup that cost Frank, and so many others, their lives, I lost my older brother. Forty years after his death, my family is still seeking a modicum of truth and justice for his murder.
The story of Franks experience in Chile is not well-known. He was an anti-Vietnam war activist from Chicagoas a student at CalTech, he started an SDS chapter therewho enrolled in the University of Chile in early 1972, drawn by the promise of Salvador Allendes peaceful road to socialism. Along with a group of North American expats that included Charles Horman, the other U.S. citizen killed in the stadium, Frank worked at a small newsletter called FIN (Fuente de Informacion Norteamericano) translating and distributing articles on the activities of the U.S. government and corporations in Chile.
During the last 20 months of his life, he sent letters home every two weeks keeping us up-to-date on his activities, as well as the increasingly dangerous political situation. When some of his letters didnt arrive, he wrote, presciently: Perhaps the FBI is intercepting my mail. In another letter he cautioned, When you get calls from people wanting my address, tell them you dont have it. This is just a reasonable precaution in case some agency starts checking up on people in Chile. From what we read in papers down here about Watergate, Nixons not above doing anything or spying on anyone.
Frank actually planned on returning home in the early summer of 1973. But a failed coup attempt in late June set off public demonstrations in support of Allende. During one march, Frank suffered a bullet wound to his ankle that required time for healing. He then decided to stay in Santiago a little longer to help establish an anti-imperialism research center at the University of Chile.
More:
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/09/us-intelligence-pinochet-junta-murder
leveymg
(36,418 posts)Anyone know?
http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/obituaries/articles/2010/10/31/william_broe_97_oversaw_cia_efforts_to_oust_allende/
William Broe, 97; oversaw CIA efforts to oust Allende
Washington Post / October 31, 2010
WASHINGTON William V. Broe, 97, a CIA officer who rose to become chief of operations in the Western Hemisphere and oversaw the agencys covert missions to destabilize the government of Salvador Allende, Chiles Marxist president, died of congestive heart failure Sept. 28 at a nursing home in Hingham, Mass. He was a resident of North Scituate.
Mr. Broe was an FBI special agent before joining the fledgling CIA in 1948. He held many assignments in the Far East as he worked his way up the organizational ranks. He was station chief in Toyko before becoming chief of the Western Hemisphere division in 1965.
He held that job for seven years, during which time the division conducted clandestine operations in South America. Many of its efforts were a response to government concerns about the possible spread of communism and Soviet influence.
In March 1973, Mr. Broe made headlines after his unprecedented appearance before Senate investigators looking into CIA activities in South America. Specifically, the investigators were interested in the agencys alleged collaboration with International Telephone and Telegraph to interfere in Chilean political affairs.
leveymg
(36,418 posts)I see there aren't home contestants today, so we will DOUBLE TOMORROW'S PRIZE to the first person with the correct answer to who was Chief of Station during the coup. (For those who answered Henry Hecksher, we're sorry, that is incorrect. He appears to have been replaced at the post in 1971 and retired from the Agency later that year, according to his NYT obit: http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/29/obituaries/henry-hecksher-79-served-oss-in-war-and-later-the-cia.html)
Mc Mike
(9,114 posts)Tom Clines
leveymg
(36,418 posts)Funny how the same names keep popping up in the same places.
P.S. - Thomas G. Clines died on Tuesday, July 30, 2013 in Bedford Virginia. Ted Shackley died a few years ago in Bethesda, MD. Here's some further reading on Tom and Ted:
* Joseph J. Trento, Prelude to Terror: Edwin P. Wilson and the Legacy of America's Private Intelligence Networks (Carroll and Graf, 2005), 170, 261-62, & 267-68. It is the thesis of Trento's book that Clines helped Theodore Shackley run a private intelligence network in the post-Watergate period and participated in plotting to making Wilson appear to be an ex-CIA agent turned rogue. As part of this plot, Clines's involvement in EATSCO was covered up. See Chapter 29 of Prelude to Terror.
* Walsh Iran/Contra Report
* Jane Mayer and Doyle McManus, Landslide: The Unmaking of the President 1984-1988 (Houghton Mifflin Co.: Boston, 1988) p. 142.
and
* Pete Brewton, The Mafia, CIA and George Bush, 1992 ISBN 1561712035
Here's Pt 1 of a 2 part long interview with Brewton:
Mc Mike
(9,114 posts)I haven't read any of the books you cited yet, but the subject is important to pay attention to, in order to safeguard democracy. I heard somewhere that it was our country's greatest export.
Those people really do pop up everywhere there is something extra deadly dirty terrible occurring, and few Americans want or ever wanted their activities to occur. They murdered and caused destruction in S.E. Asia, Latin America, the Mid East, and it didn't benefit us. it just hurt those other countries and made us look like monsters.
I remember Pete Brewton doing investigative writing on the CIA connections to organized crime and the Saving and Loan Scandals, for the Houston Post.
Thanks again for the citations, and thanks to JL for the Chile post. Recced.
Judi Lynn
(160,527 posts)Before his carcass had even been hidden under the sod, this was written in your article from the Boston Globe:
Mr. Broes testimony marked the first time an active clandestine agent of the CIA spoke on the record for a Senate probe.
In his testimony, Mr. Broe said that he had met several times with ITT chief executive Harold Geneen and senior vice president Edward Gerrity under direct orders from Central Intelligence Director Richard Helms.
Mr. Broe, Geneen, and Gerrity discussed employing a coordinated plan between the telecommunications conglomerate and the spy agency to create fiscal instability in Chile.
There was a thesis, Mr. Broe told the Senate investigators, that additional deterioration in the economic situation could influence a large number of voters to push Allende out of office.
~snip~
Kornbluh said the CIAs connection and collaboration with ITT was one of the spy agencys biggest blunders because it set in motion the use of corporate money to aid covert US foreign policy.
Wow! What a legacy.
And yet, after all his "works" in the CIA, he still planted roses in his garden, and became the treasure of his dear church. So sweet!
He must have felt very close to Gawd, having been part of an organization which sent so many to their Maker.
leveymg
(36,418 posts)that have morphed into the Total Awareness State and government by covert action we now live in. Chile wasn't just a social laboratory, it demonstrated a business plan and proof of concept.
It changed America and the world as much as the later 9/11. How to overthrow a long-standing democracy in a couple easy steps.
leveymg
(36,418 posts)Contrary to public misrepresentation to the contrary, the CIA carried out a psychological warfare operation (which the CIA called a "deception campaign) against the Chilean military in a successful effort to sufficiently anger the Officer Corps to carry out a coup. The CIA also gathered documents,including the arrest lists, and knew exactly who the military intended to detain after the coup: http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/history/johnson/churchreport.htm
C. 1970-1973
After the failure of Track II, the CIA rebuilt its network of contacts and remained close to Chilean military officers in order to monitor developments within the armed forces. For their part, Chilean officers who were aware that the United States once had sought a coup to prevent Allende from becoming president must have been sensitive to indications of continuing U.S. support for a coup.
By September 1971 a new network of agents was in place and the Station was receiving almost daily reports of new coup plotting. The Station and Headquarters began to explore ways to use this network. At the same time, and in parallel, the Station and Headquarters discussed a "deception operation" designed to alert Chilean officers to real or purported Cuban involvement in the Chilean army. Throughout the fall of 1971 the Station and Headquarters carried on a dialogue about both the general question of what to do with the intelligence network and the objectives of the specific operation.
< . . .>
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The Station proposed, in September, to provide information -some of it fabricated by the CIA- which would convince senior Chilean Army officers that the Carabineros' Investigations unit, with the approval of Allende was acting in concert with Cuban intelligence (DGI) to gather intelligence prejudicial to the Army high command. It was hoped that the extort would arouse the military against Allende's involvement with the Cubans, inducing the armed services to press the government to alter its orientation and to move against it if necessary. A month later CIA Headquarters suggested that the deception operation be shelved, in favor of passing "verifiable" information to the leader of the coup group which Headquarters and the Station perceived as having the highest probability of success.
After a further Station request, Headquarters agreed to the operation with the objective of educating senior Chilean officers and keeping them on alert. In December 1971 a packet of material, including a fabricated letter, was passed to a Chilean officer outside Chile. The CIA did not receive any subsequent reports on the effect if any, this "information" had on the Chilean military. While the initial conception of the operation had included a series of such passages, no further packets were passed.
The Station/Headquarters dialogue over the use of the intelligence network paralleled the discussion of the deception operation. In November the Station suggested that the ultimate objective of the military penetration program was a military coup. Headquarters responded by rejecting that formulation of the objective, cautioning that the CIA did not have 40 Committee approval to become involved in a coup. However, Headquarters acknowledged the difficulty of drawing a firm line between monitoring coup plotting and becoming involved in it. It also realized that the U.S. government's desire to be in clandestine contract with military plotters, for whatever purpose, might well imply to them U.S. support for their future plans.
During I970-73, the Station collected operational intelligence necessary in the event of a coup -arrest lists, key civilian installations and personnel that needed protection, key government installations which need to be taken over, and government contingency plans which would be used in case of a military uprising. According to the CIA the data was collected only against the contingency of future Headquarters requests and was never passed to the Chilean military.
The intelligence network continued to report throughout 1972 and 1973 on coup plotting activities. During 1972 the Station continued to monitor the group which might mount a successful coup, and it spent a significantly greater amount of time and effort penetrating this
39
group than it had on previous groups. This group had originally come to the Station's attention in October 1971. By January 1972 the Station had successfully penetrated it and was in contact through an intermediary with its leader.
During late 1971 and early 1972, the CIA adopted a more active stance vis a vis its military penetration program, including a short-lived effort to subsidize a small anti-government news pamphlet directed at the armed services, its compilation of arrest lists and other operational data, and its deception operation.
Intelligence reporting on coup plotting reached two peak periods, one in the last week of June 1973 and the other during the end of August and the first two weeks in September. It is clear the CIA received intelligence reports on the coup planning of the group which carried out the successful September 11 coup throughout the months of July, August, and September 1973.
The CIA's information-gathering efforts with regard to the Chilean military included activity which went beyond the mere collection of information. More generally, those efforts must be viewed in the context of United States opposition, overt and covert, to the Allende government. They put the United States Government in contact with those Chileans who sought a military alternative to the Allende presidency.
Judi Lynn
(160,527 posts)Had no idea whatsoever you might actually post this amazing link the democratic people here would LEAP at the chance to read! I am so happy to see this. Had to stash it away for personal future reading and use as soon as I saw it. It looks incredible.
I intend to read it after some time out to sleep. I can't wait. Haven't read nearly enough about Frank Church's investigation on this subject. This is such a gift to us.
The CIA must have been just wild about this outstanding Democrat. He was a man who ACTUALLY did his job, who really got after it. Doesn't seem possible there were men like him around Washington, does it?
Thank you, so much.
leveymg
(36,418 posts)unique facts about CIA domestic dirty tricks that got culled out of Church's better known Senate report. I'll look around for that, and post it.
leveymg
(36,418 posts)Full Church Commitee reports: http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/contents/church/contents_church_reports.htm
Full Pike Commitee reports: http://www.maryferrell.org/mffweb/archive/docset/getList.do?docSetId=1918
CIA Historical Study of the background to the Church and Pike Committee reports: https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter98_99/art07.html