Typhoid vaccine set to have 'huge impact'

[nitpicker]

http://www.bbc.com/news/health-41724996

Typhoid vaccine set to have 'huge impact'

By James Gallagher
Health and science reporter, BBC News website

24 October 2017

From the section Health

A new vaccine that could prevent up to nine-in-10 cases of typhoid fever has been recommended by the World Health Organization. Experts say it could have a "huge impact" on the 22 million cases, and 220,000 deaths, from typhoid each year. Crucially it works in children, who are at high-risk of the infection, unlike other typhoid vaccines. It is hoped the vaccine could eventually help countries eliminate typhoid.

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella Typhi bacteria and patients have:
◾prolonged fever
◾headache
◾nausea
◾loss of appetite
◾constipation
◾in one-in-100 cases it causes fatal complications

The bacteria are highly contagious and spread through contaminated food or water. The infection is most common in countries with poor sanitation and a lack of clean water, particularly in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Two typhoid vaccines already approved to help reduce the number of cases, but none are licensed for children under the age of two.

The decision to recommend the new conjugate typhoid vaccine was made by the WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (Sage).
(snip)

Sage recommended the vaccine should be given to children aged six-months old and said catch-up campaigns focusing on children up to 15 years old should also take place.
(snip)

Data from a clinical trial of the vaccine, carried out by the University of Oxford, was published just last month in the Lancet medical journal. The "challenge study" gave the vaccine to 112 people and then deliberately infected (challenged) them with typhoid-causing bacteria. Such an approach gives a clear picture of a vaccine's effectiveness without having to immunise thousands of people. It showed the vaccine was up to 87% effective.
(snip)

Gavi, the global body that pays for vaccines in 68 low and middle-income countries, is now considering whether to add the typhoid vaccine. Dr Seth Berkley, the chief executive of Gavi, said: "Not only could this vaccine save lives, it could also prove to be a valuable weapon in the fight against antimicrobial resistance."
(snip)

[riversedge]

1. We need good news like this.

[Bob Loblaw]

2. Republicans cut WHO funding

Citing that it isn't government's job to pick winners and losers. For now.

[Thirties Child]

3. "...it works in children, who are at high-risk of the infection, unlike other typhoid vaccines."

We lived in deep East Texas during WWII (my father worked in a war plant), and we had to be vaccinated for typhoid before we could go to school. I remember the vaccine site on my arm turning red, swelling and hurting for several days. I had no idea it really didn't work on us. So glad it's been improved.